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Adenomyosis is the growth of the endometrium into the muscle layer of the uterus (the myometrium). Endometriosis is the growth of tissue similar to the endometrium, outside the uterus. [16] Endometrial hyperplasia; Endometrial cancer is the most common cancer of the human female genital tract.
The cervical canal connects the interior of the vagina and the cavity of the body of uterus. The cervix is part of the female reproductive system. Around 2–3 centimetres (0.8–1.2 in) in length, [3] it is the lower narrower part of the uterus continuous above with the broader upper part—or body—of the uterus. [4]
The uterus can be divided anatomically into four regions: the fundus – the uppermost rounded portion of the uterus above the openings of the fallopian tubes, [4] the body, the cervix, and the cervical canal. The cervix protrudes into the vagina. The uterus is held in position within the pelvis by ligaments, which are part of the endopelvic ...
The uterus or womb is the major female reproductive organ. The uterus provides mechanical protection, nutritional support, and waste removal for the developing embryo (weeks 1 to 8) and fetus (from week 9 until the delivery). In addition, contractions in the muscular wall of the uterus are important in pushing out the fetus at the time of birth.
The cervical canal is generally lined by "endocervical mucosa" which consists of a single layer of mucinous columnar epithelium. However, after menopause, the functional squamocolumnar junction moves into the cervical canal, and hence the distal part of the cervical canal may be lined by stratified squamous epithelium (conforming to a "type 3 transformation zone").
This is influenced by the tight junction molecules and ion/water channels in the apical plasma membrane of uterine epithelial cells. Studies have found an increase in claudin-4 within the tight junctions of uterine epithelial cells at the time of implantation [5] and an increase in ENaC in the apical membrane of uterine epithelial cells.
Known as uterus didelphys, this is “part of a spectrum of disorders that are referred to as Müllerian abnormalities,” says Erin Higgins, an ob-gyn doctor at the Cleveland Clinic, which has a ...
Uterine glands or endometrial glands are tubular glands, lined by a simple columnar epithelium, found in the functional layer of the endometrium that lines the uterus. Their appearance varies during the menstrual cycle. During the proliferative phase, uterine glands appear long due to estrogen secretion by the ovaries.