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Guarding is a characteristic finding in the physical examination for an abruptly painful abdomen (an acute abdomen) with inflammation of the inner abdominal (peritoneal) surface due, for example, to appendicitis or diverticulitis. The tensed muscles of the abdominal wall automatically go into spasm to keep the tender underlying tissues from ...
Child neglect, often overlooked, is the most common form of child maltreatment. [1] Most perpetrators of child abuse and neglect are the parents themselves. A total of 79.4% of the perpetrators of abused and neglected children are the parents of the victims, and of those 79.4% parents, 61% exclusively neglect their children. [2]
An unusual complication of an appendectomy is "stump appendicitis": inflammation occurs in the remnant appendiceal stump left after a prior incomplete appendectomy. [100] Stump appendicitis can occur months to years after initial appendectomy and can be identified with imaging modalities such as ultrasound. [101]
Appendicitis develops most commonly in the second trimester. [2] If appendicitis develops in a pregnant woman, an appendectomy is usually performed and should not harm the fetus. [15] The risk of premature delivery is about 10%. [16] The risk of fetal death in the perioperative period after an appendectomy for early acute appendicitis is 3 to 5%.
Pain often begins in the center of the abdomen, corresponding to the appendix's development as part of the embryonic midgut. This pain is typically a dull, poorly localized, visceral pain. [24] As the inflammation progresses, the pain begins to localize more clearly to the right lower quadrant, as the peritoneum becomes inflamed.
The principles of the obturator sign in the diagnosis of appendicitis are similar to that of the psoas sign. The appendix is commonly located in the retrocecal or pelvic region. The obturator sign indicates the presence of an inflamed pelvic appendix. Evidence shows that the obturator test does not adequately diagnose appendicitis, but can be ...
Early childhood is a stage of rapid growth, development and learning and each child makes progress at different speeds and rates. [13] It is essential to integrate physical training designed in accordance with the anatomical characteristics andage-related characteristics of a child's development, to ensure the normal physical development of ...
Early Childhood Research Quarterly is an academic journal providing current research (predominantly empirical) in the field of early childhood (birth through eight years of age) education and development that was established in 1986. [1] [2] The journal also publishes occasional book reviews, practitioner/policy perspectives, and research ...