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The psychology of reasoning (also known as the cognitive science of reasoning[1]) is the study of how people reason, often broadly defined as the process of drawing conclusions to inform how people solve problems and make decisions. [2] It overlaps with psychology, philosophy, linguistics, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, logic, and ...
Smiling tadpole person (combined head and body) drawn by a child aged 41⁄2. The Draw-a-Person test (DAP, DAP test), Draw-A-Man test (DAM), or Goodenough–Harris Draw-a-Person test is a type of test in the domain of psychology. It is both a personality test, specifically projective test, and a cognitive test like IQ.
Logical reasoning is a mental activity that aims to arrive at a conclusion in a rigorous way. It happens in the form of inferences or arguments by starting from a set of premises and reasoning to a conclusion supported by these premises. The premises and the conclusion are propositions, i.e. true or false claims about what is the case.
Critical thinking. Critical thinking is the analysis of available facts, evidence, observations, and arguments in order to form a judgement by the application of rational, skeptical, and unbiased analyses and evaluation. [1] In modern times, the use of the phrase critical thinking can be traced to John Dewey, who used the phrase reflective ...
List of cognitive biases. Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm and/or rationality in judgment. They are often studied in psychology, sociology and behavioral economics. [1] Although the reality of most of these biases is confirmed by reproducible research, [2][3] there are often controversies about how to classify ...
The Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking, formerly the Minnesota Tests of Creative Thinking, is a test of creativity built on J. P. Guilford's work and created by Ellis Paul Torrance, the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking originally involved simple tests of divergent thinking and other problem-solving skills, which were scored on four scales ...
Visual thinking, also called visual or spatial learning or picture thinking, is the phenomenon of thinking through visual processing. [1] Visual thinking has been described as seeing words as a series of pictures. [2] [3] It is common in approximately 60–65% of the general population. [1] "Real picture thinkers", those who use visual thinking ...
Rorschach test. The Rorschach test is a projective psychological test in which subjects' perceptions of inkblots are recorded and then analyzed using psychological interpretation, complex algorithms, or both. Some psychologists use this test to examine a person's personality characteristics and emotional functioning.