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For a long time, the interpretation of resilience in the sense of engineering resilience prevailed in supply chain management. [1] It is implied here that supply chain is a closed system that can be controlled, similar to a system designed and planned by engineers (e.g. subway network). [5]
Supply-chain sustainability is the management of environmental, social and economic impacts and the encouragement of good governance practices, throughout the lifecycles of goods and services. [1] There is a growing need for integrating sustainable choices into supply-chain management.
A supply chain is the network of all the individuals, organizations, resources, activities and technology involved in the creation and sale of a product. A supply chain encompasses everything from the delivery of source materials from the supplier to the manufacturer through to its eventual delivery to the end user.
Supply chain resilience is "the capacity of a supply chain to persist, adapt, or transform in the face of change". [42] For a long time, the interpretation of resilience in the sense of engineering resilience (or robustness) [43] prevailed in supply chain management, leading to the notion of persistence. [42]
This area of concern is widening to include such considerations as the effect on local communities, the health and welfare of employees and a more thorough examination of a company's supply chain. One of the major frameworks used is the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights .
Patagonia has developed a number of programs to ensure sustainability in their supply chain including the Supply Chain Environmental Responsibility Program, which is used to measure and reduce the environmental impacts of manufacturing products and materials at supplier facilities worldwide, [35] and the Material Traceability Program, which is ...
The resilience of social-ecological systems is related to the degree of the shock that the system can absorb and remain within a given state. [49] The concept of resilience is a promising tool for analysing adaptive change towards sustainability because it provides a way for analysing how to manipulate stability in the face of change.
Sustainability is regarded as a "normative concept".[5] [22] [23] [2] This means it is based on what people value or find desirable: "The quest for sustainability involves connecting what is known through scientific study to applications in pursuit of what people want for the future."