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An oxyanion, or oxoanion, is an ion with the generic formula A x O z− y (where A represents a chemical element and O represents an oxygen atom). Oxyanions are formed by a large majority of the chemical elements. [1] The formulae of simple oxyanions are determined by the octet rule. The corresponding oxyacid of an oxyanion is the compound H z ...
Yttrium and pnictides can form compounds with the chemical formula YE (E = N, P, As, Sb). They can be hydrolyzed in humid air and emit volatile hydrides EH 3. Yttrium and carbon can form a variety of compounds, such as Y 2 C 3, [9] YC 2. [10] They can be made in several ways: 2 Y + 3 C → Y 2 C 3 Y 2 O 3 + 7 C → 2 YC 2 + 3 CO ↑
3 as a starting material, obtained from Y 2 O 3 and concentrated hydrochloric acid and ammonium chloride. [26] [27] Hapticity is a term to describe the coordination of a group of contiguous atoms of a ligand bound to the central atom; it is indicated by the Greek letter eta, η.
2 O 2) is formed when metallic sodium is burned in oxygen. Each oxygen atom in its peroxide ion may have a full octet of 4 pairs of electrons. [6] Superoxides are a class of compounds that are very similar to peroxides, but with just one unpaired electron for each pair of oxygen atoms (O − 2). [6]
Another is the highly reactive ozone (O 3). Others are: Atomic oxygen (O 1), a free radical. Singlet oxygen (O * 2), one of two metastable states of molecular oxygen. Tetraoxygen (O 4), another metastable form. Solid oxygen, existing in six variously colored phases, of which one is octaoxygen (O 8, red oxygen) and another one metallic (ζ-oxygen).
An example of the difference is the empirical formula for glucose, which is CH 2 O (ratio 1:2:1), while its molecular formula is C 6 H 12 O 6 (number of atoms 6:12:6). For water, both formulae are H 2 O .
At standard temperature and pressure, two oxygen atoms will bind covalently to form dioxygen, a colorless and odorless diatomic gas with the chemical formula O 2. Dioxygen gas currently constitutes 20.95% molar fraction of the Earth's atmosphere, though this has changed considerably over long periods of time in Earth's history.
A chemical element, often simply called an element, is a type of atom which has a specific number of protons in its atomic nucleus (i.e., a specific atomic number, or Z). [ 1 ] The definitive visualisation of all 118 elements is the periodic table of the elements , whose history along the principles of the periodic law was one of the founding ...