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The sclera, [note 1] also known as the white of the eye or, in older literature, as the tunica albuginea oculi, is the opaque, fibrous, protective outer layer of the eye containing mainly collagen and some crucial elastic fiber. [2] In the development of the embryo, the sclera is derived from the neural crest. [3]
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eyeball which covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.Along with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power.
The cornea is transparent and more curved and is linked to the larger posterior segment, composed of the vitreous, retina, choroid and the outer white shell called the sclera. The cornea is typically about 11.5 mm (0.45 in) in diameter, and 0.5 mm (500 μm) in thickness near its centre.
The corneal limbus (Latin: corneal border) is the border between the cornea and the sclera (the white of the eye). It contains limbal stem cells in its palisades of Vogt . It may be affected by cancer or aniridia (a developmental problem), among other issues.
A refractive cornea type eye of a human. The cornea is the clear domed part covering the anterior chamber of the eye. In the eyes of most mammals, birds, reptiles, and most other terrestrial vertebrates (along with spiders and some insect larvae) the vitreous fluid has a higher refractive index than the air. In general, the lens is not spherical.
Lastly, the cornea is a multifunctional tissue. It provides a large part of the eye's refractive power, meaning it has to maintain remarkable transparency, but must also serve as a barrier to keep pathogens from reaching the rest of the eye, similar to function of the dermis and epidermis in keeping underlying tissues protected.
Scleral tattooing. Scleral tattooing is the practice of tattooing the sclera, or white part, of the human eye.Rather than being injected into the tissue, the dye is injected between two layers of the eye, then gradually spreads.
The corneal limbus is the part of the eye where the cornea (front/center) meets the sclera (white part of the eye). Thought to be caused by increased calcium concentration in the blood, this sign however persists after calcium phosphate concentration returns to normal. [ 1 ]