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Treatment of hypokalemic periodic paralysis focuses on preventing further attacks and relieving acute symptoms. Avoiding carbohydrate-rich meals, strenuous exercise and other identified triggers, and taking acetazolamide or another carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, may help prevent attacks of weakness.
Severe hypokalemia, with serum potassium concentrations of 2.5–3 meq/L (Nl: 3.5–5.0 meq/L), may cause muscle weakness, myalgia, tremor, and muscle cramps (owing to disturbed function of skeletal muscle), and constipation (from disturbed function of smooth muscle). With more severe hypokalemia, flaccid paralysis and hyporeflexia may result
Treatment involves extensive hydration normally done through IV fluid replacement with administration of normal saline until CK levels reduce to a maximum of 1,000 U/L. [21] Proper treatment will ensure hydration and normalize muscle discomfort (pain), flu-like symptoms, CK levels, and myoglobin levels for patient to begin ExRx.
Recurrent or episodic rhabdomyolysis is commonly due to intrinsic muscle enzyme deficiencies, which are usually inherited and often appear during childhood. [10] [13] Many structural muscle diseases feature episodes of rhabdomyolysis that are triggered by exercise, general anesthesia or any of the other causes of rhabdomyolysis listed above. [10]
Exercise-related attacks tend to occur during a period of rest immediately after exercise; exercise may, therefore, be recommended to abort an attack. [ 1 ] There may be symptoms of thyroid overactivity, such as weight loss , a fast or irregular heart rate , tremor , and perspiration ; [ 1 ] [ 2 ] but such symptoms occur in only half of all ...
It is the hallmark symptom of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and common in long COVID and fibromyalgia. [3] [1] PEM is often severe enough to be disabling, and is triggered by ordinary activities that healthy people tolerate. Typically, it begins 12–48 hours after the activity that triggers it, and lasts for days ...
Hypokalemia (low blood potassium concentration) often follows treatment. This increases the risk of dangerous irregularities in the heart rate . Therefore, continuous observation of the heart rate is recommended, [ 6 ] [ 39 ] as well as repeated measurement of the potassium levels and addition of potassium to the intravenous fluids once levels ...
Brody disease (also known as Brody myopathy) includes symptoms similar to myotonia congenita, including muscle stiffness and cramping after initiating exercise (delayed muscle relaxation). However, it is pseudo- myotonia as those with Brody disease have normal EMG .