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Acetoin, also known as 3-hydroxybutanone or acetyl methyl carbinol, is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 CH(OH)C(O)CH 3. It is a colorless liquid with a pleasant, buttery odor. It is chiral. The form produced by bacteria is (R)-acetoin. [1]
The structure of the acetoxy group blue. In organic chemistry, the acetoxy group (abbr. AcO or OAc; IUPAC name: acetyloxy [1]), is a functional group with the formula −OCOCH 3 and the structure −O−C(=O)−CH 3. As the -oxy suffix implies, it differs from the acetyl group (−C(=O)−CH 3) by the presence of an additional oxygen atom.
Butanone, also known as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) or ethyl methyl ketone, [a] is an organic compound with the formula CH 3 C(O)CH 2 CH 3. This colorless liquid ketone has a sharp, sweet odor reminiscent of acetone. It is produced industrially on a large scale, but occurs in nature only in trace amounts. [7]
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
In organic chemistry, an acetyl group is a functional group denoted by the chemical formula −COCH 3 and the structure −C(=O)−CH 3. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac [5] [6] (not to be confused with the element actinium). In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group.
[3] [4] The reaction can also be carried out under mildly acidic conditions by way of the same intermediate using a hypervalent iodine compound in aqueous solution. [1] An example published in Organic Syntheses is the conversion of cyclobutanecarboxamide, easily synthesized from cyclobutylcarboxylic acid, to cyclobutylamine. [2]
In general, acetoacetic acid is generated at 0 °C and used in situ immediately. [7] It decomposes at a moderate reaction rate into acetone and carbon dioxide: CH 3 C(O)CH 2 CO 2 H → CH 3 C(O)CH 3 + CO 2. The acid form has a half-life of 140 minutes at 37 °C in water, whereas the basic form (the anion) has a half-life of 130 hours.
A separate investigation of the crystal structure confirmed that it has orthorhombic crystals in space group Pnn2 and reported unit-cell dimensions in good agreement with the original paper. [1] [2] The bond lengths around the iodine atom were 2.08 Å to the phenyl carbon atom and equal 2.156 Å bonds to the acetate oxygen atoms. This second ...