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The typical operating temperature range of a thermistor is −55 °C to +150 °C, though some glass-body thermistors have a maximal operating temperature of +300 °C. Thermistors differ from resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) in that the material used in a thermistor is generally a ceramic or polymer, while RTDs use pure metals.
is the temperature (in kelvins), R {\displaystyle R} is the resistance at T {\displaystyle T} (in ohms), A {\displaystyle A} , B {\displaystyle B} , and C {\displaystyle C} are the Steinhart–Hart coefficients , which are characteristics specific to the bulk semiconductor material over a given temperature range of interest.
If process temperatures are between −200 and 500 °C (−328.0 and 932.0 °F), an industrial RTD is the preferred option. Thermocouples have a range of −180 to 2,320 °C (−292.0 to 4,208.0 °F), [9] so for temperatures above 500 °C (932 °F) it is the contact temperature measurement device commonly found in physics laboratories.
A thermostat exerts control by switching heating or cooling devices on or off, or by regulating the flow of a heat transfer fluid as needed, to maintain the correct temperature. A thermostat can often be the main control unit for a heating or cooling system, in applications ranging from ambient air control to automotive coolant control.
The program features include time schedules, set points, controllers, logic, timers, trend logs, and alarms. The unit controllers typically have analog and digital inputs that allow measurement of the variable (temperature, humidity, or pressure) and analog and digital outputs for control of the transport medium (hot/cold water and/or steam ...
In addition to adjusting the thermostat, experts recommend several other measures to stay cool: Use fans: Ceiling fans or portable fans can help circulate cool air, making your space feel cooler ...
The two top thermocouple junctions are at temperature T 1 while the two bottom thermocouple junctions are at temperature T 2. The output voltage from the thermopile, ΔV , is directly proportional to the temperature differential, ΔT or T 1 - T 2 , across the thermal resistance layer and number of thermocouple junction pairs.
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