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A United States Navy Aviation boatswain's mate tests the specific gravity of JP-5 fuel. Relative density, also called specific gravity, [1] [2] is a dimensionless quantity defined as the ratio of the density (mass of a unit volume) of a substance to the density of a given reference material.
Gravity is usually measured in units of acceleration.In the SI system of units, the standard unit of acceleration is metres per second squared (m/s 2).Other units include the cgs gal (sometimes known as a galileo, in either case with symbol Gal), which equals 1 centimetre per second squared, and the g (g n), equal to 9.80665 m/s 2.
The specific weight, also known as the unit weight (symbol γ, the Greek letter gamma), is a volume-specific quantity defined as the weight W divided by the volume V of a material: = / Equivalently, it may also be formulated as the product of density, ρ, and gravity acceleration, g: = Its unit of measurement in the International System of Units (SI) is newton per cubic metre (N/m 3), with ...
To calculate the density of air as a function of altitude, one requires additional parameters. For the troposphere, the lowest part (~10 km) of the atmosphere, they are listed below, along with their values according to the International Standard Atmosphere , using for calculation the universal gas constant instead of the air specific constant:
Buoyancy force = weight of object in empty space − weight of object immersed in fluid. The final result would be measured in Newtons. Air's density is very small compared to most solids and liquids. For this reason, the weight of an object in air is approximately the same as its true weight in a vacuum.
A displacement measurement device, usually a high precision laser or load cell, is used to measure how much change has occurred in the system. By calculating the change of deflection of the hose, a gravitic density meter can be used to find the real time, continuous density. Gravitic density meters do not measure the specific gravity directly ...
where stands for "submerged specific gravity", is the density of the object, and is the density of the fluid. Submerged specific gravity is equal to the specific gravity given by the ratio of the weight of the object to the weight of the fluid) minus one. That is, the object and fluid have the same density when the specific gravity equals one ...
On this scale, a specific gravity of 1.000 is reported as 0, and a specific gravity of 2.000 is reported as 200. [1] For example, concentrated sulfuric acid with a specific gravity of 1.8 has a Twaddell scale measurement of 160, reflecting the linear relationship between readings and specific gravity. The Twaddell scale is used exclusively for ...