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Radiation dermatitis (also known as radiodermatitis) is a skin disease associated with prolonged exposure to ionizing radiation. [3]: 131–2 Radiation dermatitis occurs to some degree in most patients receiving radiation therapy, with or without chemotherapy.
Schamberg's disease is a skin disorder that causes a discoloration of the lower extremities. [4] It usually occurs in the lower extremities and rarely elsewhere. [ 4 ] This condition is caused by leaky blood vessels near the surface of the skin. [ 7 ]
Many over-the-counter products contain either urea or propylene glycol. Moisturisers with lower-strength urea (10–20%) enhance the flexibility of the outer skin layer by acting as humectants. Propylene glycol, on the other hand, draws water through the outer skin layer, facilitating the shedding of thickened skin post-hydration.
Radionuclide therapy can be used to treat conditions such as hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, skin cancer and blood disorders. In nuclear medicine therapy, the radiation treatment dose is administered internally (e.g. intravenous or oral routes) or externally direct above the area to treat in form of a compound (e.g. in case of skin cancer).
Sarcoidosis involves the skin in between 9 and 37% of cases and is more common in African Americans than in European Americans. [28] The skin is the second-most commonly affected organ after the lungs. [33] The most common lesions are erythema nodosum, plaques, maculopapular eruptions, subcutaneous nodules, and lupus pernio. [33]
The disorder is not contagious. [2] A diagnosis is typically based on the signs, symptoms and family history. [3] Treatment involves avoiding things that make the condition worse, enhancing the skin barrier through skin care and treating the underlying skin inflammation. Moisturising creams are used to make the skin less dry and prevent AD ...
Examples of OTC substances approved in the United States are sunscreens, anti-microbial and anti-fungal products, external and internal analgesics such as lidocaine and aspirin, psoriasis and eczema topical treatments, anti-dandruff shampoos containing coal tar, and other topical products with a therapeutic effect.
The allergic diseases—hay fever and asthma—have increased in the Western world over the past 2–3 decades. [128] Increases in allergic asthma and other atopic disorders in industrialized nations, it is estimated, began in the 1960s and 1970s, with further increases occurring during the 1980s and 1990s, [ 129 ] although some suggest that a ...