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Gold dinar of Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, minted at Damascus, Syria in AH 75 (697/698 CE), having a weight of almost 1 mithqāl (4.25 grams). Mithqāl (Arabic: مثقال) is a unit of mass equal to 4.25 grams (0.137 ozt) which is mostly used for measuring precious metals, such as gold, and other commodities, like saffron.
It remains in widespread use in Myanmar, where it is approximately equivalent to 16.33 grams (0.576 oz), and in the gold trade in Thailand, where it is defined as 15.244 grams (0.5377 oz) for bullion and 15.16 grams (0.535 oz) for jewellery. [1] For other uses, the baht is defined in Thailand as exactly 15 grams (0.5291 oz). [2]
Gold is measured in troy ounces, often simply referred to as ounces when the reference to gold is evident. One troy ounce is equivalent to 31.1034768 grams. The troy ounce is heavier than the avoirdupois ounce, a commonly used unit for measuring weight in the United States customary system. [5]
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This allows gold holdings and transfers to take place in tiny fractions of a gram (equivalent to a few cents). A possible source of confusion is that gold is often priced on the open market in the more traditional troy ounce (one troy ounce is exactly 31.1034768 grams, which is larger than the avoirdupois ounce generally in use in the United ...
C-19 [17] Thus one troy ounce = 480 grains × 0.064 798 91 grams/grain = 31.103 476 80 grams. Since the ounce avoirdupois is defined as 437.5 grains, a troy ounce is exactly 480 ⁄ 437.5 = 192 ⁄ 175 or about 1.09714 ounces avoirdupois or about 9.7% more. The troy ounce for trading precious metals is considered to be sufficiently approximated ...
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From 1833 the rupee and tolā weight was fixed at 180 grains, i.e. 11.66382 grams. Hence the weight of 1 maund increased to 37.324224 kilogram. [ 3 ] Traditionally one maund represented the weight unit for goods which could be carried over some distance by porters or pack animals.