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The phrase gana sangha can be translated as (rule by) tribal assembly. In ancient Buddhist texts like the Anguttara Nikaya [5] which make frequent reference to the great states in ancient India, the texts often use the phrase to refer a type of aristocratic rule, contrast to monarchy (साम्राज्य samarajya in Sanskrit).
The Vajjika (Pāli: Vajjika) or Vrijika (IAST: Vṛjika) League, Confederacy, or Sangha, also called simply Vajji (Pāli: Vajji) or Vriji (IAST: Vṛji), was an ancient Indo-Aryan league which existed during the later Iron Age period in the north-eastern Indian subcontinent.
In Kautiliya's Arthashastra, the Vrishnis are described as sangha or republic. The Vrishnis, Andhakas and other allied tribes of the Shoorsaini formed a sangha and Vasudeva is described as the sangha-mukhya. Mathura, the capital of Surasena, was also known at the time of Megasthenes as the centre of Krishna worship. The Surasena kingdom had ...
In Kanishka's rock Rabatak inscription, he describes campaigning into "the realm of the kshatriyas" in India, which presumably includes the Yaudheya's territories. Furthermore, Kanishka refers to commissioning statue of various local Iranian and Indian deities, including the deity Mahasena or Mahaseno ( Kartikeya ) which was the chief deity of ...
Gana Sanghas (c. 500 BCE) Pipphalivana was the capital of the Moriya republic, a gana- sangha of the Mahajanapada period. [1] [2] [3] The 7th century CE Chinese pilgrim Xuanzang later referred to it by the name of Nyagrodhavana.
Shakya (Pāḷi: Sakya; Sanskrit: शाक्य, romanized: Śākya) was an ancient clan of the northeastern region of South Asia, whose existence is attested during the Iron Age. The Shakyas were organised into a gaṇasaṅgha (an aristocratic oligarchic republic), also known as the Shakya Republic. [2]
Similarly, there were some tribes in the eastern regions of India considered to be in this category. [28] Tribes with non-Vedic culture — especially those of barbaric nature — were collectively termed as Mleccha. Very little was mentioned in the ancient Indian literature about the kingdoms to the North, beyond the Himalayas.
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