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However other relevant international legal instruments exist to ensure that the best interest of the child and the concern for their welfare inform the practices of intercountry adoption. For example, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989) contains some specific references to intercountry adoption. [38]
The U.S. example, however, indicates there is wide variation by country since adoptions from abroad account for less than 15% of its cases. [80] More than 60,000 Russian children have been adopted in the United States since 1992, [ 82 ] and a similar number of Chinese children were adopted from 1995 to 2005. [ 83 ]
A 2023 State Department report showed that there were only 1,275 intercountry adoptions, ... the State Department needs to also actively encourage inter-country adoption on behalf of the many ...
From 1945 to 1973, it is estimated that up to 4 million parents in the United States had children placed for adoption, with 2 million during the 1960s alone. [2] Annual numbers for non-relative adoptions increased from an estimated 33,800 in 1951 to a peak of 89,200 in 1970, then quickly declined to an estimated 47,700 in 1975.
Dutch adoption policies came under scrutiny after increasing numbers of adult previously adopted children began to research their roots and often found that their birth documents had been forged ...
Many Korean children were kidnapped or adopted without the consent of their parents. Several governments engaged in "existence of illicit practices of a systemic nature", including falsifying documents. This was to meet the demand for children in western countries. Adoption agencies charged 9000 dollars or 12000 dollars to "order" a child. [133]
The slowed international adoption coincides with a 2016 reversal of China’s one-child policy, which limited each Chinese family to one child in order to control population growth.
Pro-transracial adoption advocates argue that there are more white families seeking to adopt than there are minority families; conversely, there are more minority children available for adoption. For example, in 2009, 41% of children available for adoption were African American, 40% were white children, and 15% were Hispanic children. [28]