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Levels of parasitoids beyond secondary also occur, especially among facultative parasitoids. In oak gall systems, there can be up to five levels of parasitism. [13] Cases in which two or more species of parasitoids simultaneously attack the same host without parasitizing each other are called multi- or multiple parasitism.
The parasitoid wasps include some very large groups, some estimates giving the Chalcidoidea as many as 500,000 species, the Ichneumonidae 100,000 species, and the Braconidae up to 50,000 species. Host insects have evolved a range of defences against parasitoid wasps, including hiding, wriggling, and camouflage markings.
These can be categorized into three groups; cestodes, nematodes and trematodes.Examples include: Acanthocephala; Ascariasis (roundworms); Cestoda (tapeworms) including: Taenia saginata (human beef tapeworm), Taenia solium (human pork tapeworm), Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm) and Echinococcosis (hydatid tapeworm)
Main article: Human parasite Endoparasites Protozoan organisms Common name of organism or disease Latin name (sorted) Body parts affected Diagnostic specimen Prevalence Source/Transmission (Reservoir/Vector) Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis and Acanthamoeba keratitis (eye infection) Acanthamoeba spp. eye, brain, skin culture worldwide contact lenses cleaned with contaminated tap water ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 3 March 2025. Relationship between species where one organism lives on or in another organism, causing it harm "Parasite" redirects here. For other uses, see Parasite (disambiguation). A fish parasite, the isopod Cymothoa exigua, replacing the tongue of a Lithognathus Parasitism is a close relationship ...
Some species of braconids are parasitoids of Ostrinia furnacalis (the Asian corn borer, a lepidopteran moth known for being a pest of maize in East Asia), the African sugarcane borer (a moth commonly found in sub-Saharan Africa), [10] the butterfly Danaus chrysippus in Ghana, [11] and Liriomyza trifolii (the American serpentine leafminer) and ...
Trissolcus japonicus, the samurai wasp, is a parasitoid wasp species in the family Scelionidae, native to east Asia but now found in Europe, North America, and Chile. [2] [3] It is chiefly known for parasitizing Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug). [4]
List of Dendrocerus species; List of Endasys species; List of Eubazus species; List of Eurytoma species; List of Exochus species; List of Gelis species; List of Heterospilus species; List of Lissonota species; List of Macrocentrus species; List of Macroteleia species; List of Mesochorus species; List of Mutillidae genera; List of Netelia ...