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The geology of England is mainly sedimentary. The youngest rocks are in the south east around London , progressing in age in a north westerly direction. [ 1 ] The Tees–Exe line marks the division between younger, softer and low-lying rocks in the south east and the generally older and harder rocks of the north and west which give rise to ...
"Drift" geology is often more important than "solid" geology when considering building works, drainage, siting water boreholes, sand and gravel resources and soil fertility. Although "drift" strictly refers to glacial and fluvio-glacial deposits, the term on geological maps has traditionally included other materials including alluvium, river ...
The geological structure of Great Britain is complex, resulting as it does from a long and varied geological history spanning more than two billion years. This piece of the Earth's crust has experienced several episodes of mountain building or ' orogenies ', each of which has added further complexity to the picture.
The Pennines (/ ˈ p ɛ n aɪ n z /), also known as the Pennine Chain or Pennine Hills, [1] are a range of uplands mainly located in Northern England.Commonly described as the "backbone of England" because of its length and position, the range runs from Derbyshire and Staffordshire in the north of the Midlands to Northumberland in North East England.
The geology of Northern England and Western England tends to be somewhat closer to that of its near neighbours, Wales and Scotland, with the geology of Southern England and Eastern England being more aligned with that found across the North Sea and English Channel in Northern France, Belgium, and the Netherlands.
The Geology of Yorkshire in northern England shows a very close relationship between the major topographical areas and the geological period in which their rocks were formed. The rocks of the Pennine chain of hills in the west are of Carboniferous origin whilst those of the central vale are Permo-Triassic.
British Regional Geology: Northern England (BGS:BRG7) British Regional Geology: The Pennines & adjacent areas (BGS:BRG8) British Regional Geology: Eastern England from the Tees to The Wash (BGS:BRG9) British Regional Geology: Central England (BGS:BRG10) Earp, J.R. & Hains, B.A. 1971 British Regional Geology: The Welsh Borderland (3rd edn ...
The northern plains are delimited in the west by the Scandinavian Mountains and the mountainous parts of the British Isles. The southern mountainous region is bounded by the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. Major shallow water bodies submerging parts of the northern plains are the Celtic Sea, the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Barents Sea.