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In the alveolar walls there are interconnecting air passages between the alveoli known as the pores of Kohn. The alveolar septum that separates the alveoli in the alveolar sac contains some collagen fibers and elastic fibers. The septa also house the enmeshed capillary network that surrounds each alveolus. [3]
In normal health pulmonary arterial (Pa) pressure exceeds alveolar pressure (PA) in all parts of the lung. It is generally only observed when a person is ventilated with positive pressure or hemorrhage. In these circumstances, blood vessels can become completely collapsed by alveolar pressure (PA) and blood does not flow through these regions.
A primary pulmonary lobule is the part of the lung distal to the respiratory bronchiole. [29] Thus, it includes the alveolar ducts, sacs, and alveoli but not the respiratory bronchioles. [30] The unit described as the secondary pulmonary lobule is the lobule most referred to as the pulmonary lobule or respiratory lobule.
Alveolar septa (AS) Alveolar septum: the thin wall which separates the alveoli from each other in the lungs [5] Orbital septum, a palpebral ligament in the upper and lower eyelids [6] Septum pellucidum or septum lucidum, a thin structure separating two fluid pockets in the brain [7] Uterine septum, a malformation of the uterus [8]
In addition, a biopsy of the lung that shows organizing diffuse alveolar damage is required for diagnosis. This type of alveolar damage can be attributed to nonconcentrated and nonlocalized alveoli damage, marked alveolar septal edema with inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast proliferation, occasional hyaline membranes, and thickening of ...
514 Pulmonary congestion and hypostasis; 515 Postinflammatory pulmonary fibrosis; 516 Other alveolar and parietoalveolar pneumonopathy. 516.3 Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis. Hamman-Rich syndrome; 517 Lung involvement in conditions classified elsewhere 517.1 Rheumatic pneumonia; 517.2 Lung involvement in systemic sclerosis; 517.3 Acute chest ...
Atelectasis is the partial collapse or closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange. It is usually unilateral, affecting part or all of one lung. [2] It is a condition where the alveoli are deflated down to little or no volume, as distinct from pulmonary consolidation, in which they are filled with liquid.
A defining feature of these GGOs is the lack of involvement of the interlobular septum. Potential causes of centrilobular GGOs include pulmonary calcifications from metastatic disease , some types of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, aspiration pneumonitis, cholesterol granulomas, and pulmonary capillary ...
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