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Colorectal surgery is a field in medicine dealing with disorders of the rectum, anus, and colon. [1] The field is also known as proctology , but this term is now used infrequently within medicine and is most often employed to identify practices relating to the anus and rectum in particular.
Colonoscopy (/ ˌ k ɒ l ə ˈ n ɒ s k ə p i /) or coloscopy (/ k ə ˈ l ɒ s k ə p i /) [1] is a medical procedure involving the endoscopic examination of the large bowel (colon) and the distal portion of the small bowel.
[5] [6] The operation can be done by open surgery, laparoscopic or Robot-assisted. [7] For lower down tumours in the middle and lower third of the rectum a new procedure has been developed known as Transanal-Total Mesorectal Excision (TaTME). Instead of the dissection via the abdomen TaTME combines an abdominal and transanal endoscopic approach ...
The first concepts of colon surgery were thought to have originated in the 15th century as a means to relieve obstructed bowel. The first reported ostomy, performed in 1776 by Pillore of Rouen as an attempt to circumvent blockage caused by a rectal tumor, was done at the insistence of the patient despite opposition from other doctors.
Only a colonoscopy can tell doctors where tumors are located in the colon, or guide treatment. The location of colorectal tumors can determine whether patients need surgery, or chemotherapy and ...
If you’re between the ages of 45 and 85, you should have a colorectal cancer screening routine in place, per the American Cancer Society (ACS).But a colonoscopy—in which your doctor uses a ...
The colon is then mobilized from the retroperitoneum. Care is taken to avoid injury to the ureters and duodenum. The surgery then follows the same steps as small bowel resection. However, due to the colon's placement in the retroperitoneum, more dissection is often required to allow for tension free anastomosis. [5] [6]
Since polyp removal accounted for 30% of the colon surgery of the day, Shinya's primary focus from his first experiences with colonoscopy was a noninvasive method of performing polypectomy. On January 8, 1969, he and Hiroshi Ichikawa sketched out the first plans for a snare attached to the end of a colonoscope that would allow for easy removal ...