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Phosphate conversion coating is a chemical treatment applied to steel parts that creates a thin adhering layer of iron, zinc, or manganese phosphates to improve corrosion resistance or lubrication or as a foundation for subsequent coatings or painting. [1] [2] [3] It is one of the most common types of conversion coating.
Galvanized surface with visible spangle. Galvanization (also spelled galvanisation) [1] is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, to prevent rusting. The most common method is hot-dip galvanizing, in which the parts are coated by submerging them in a bath of hot, molten zinc. [citation needed]
The most common conversion coating processes for metal parts with industrial use include Chromate (aluminum, steel) Phosphate (steel) Bluing (steel) Black oxide (steel) Anodizing (aluminum) Stannate (magnesium) [5] Molybdate (zinc, zinc-nickel) [6] [7] Zirconate (steel, aluminum, magnesium, galvanized steel). [1] [8] [9] Titanate (steel ...
In comparison to a zinc (galvanized) coating galvannealed has better spot weldability, and is paintable, [4] Due to iron present in the surface alloy phase galvanneal develops a reddish patina in moist environments - it is generally used painted. [5] Zinc phosphate coating is a common pre-painting surface treatment. [4]
The chromate coating acts as paint does, protecting the zinc from white corrosion, thus making the part considerably more durable, depending on the chromate layer's thickness. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 10 ] The protective effect of chromate coatings on zinc is indicated by color, progressing from clear/blue to yellow, gold, olive drab and black.
Galvanized steel is widely used in applications where corrosion resistance is needed without the cost of stainless steel, and is considered superior in terms of cost and life-cycle. It can be identified by the crystallization patterning on the surface (often called a "spangle").
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