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"campaign funds" are (legally) defined by the Federal Election Campaign Act as funds "used for purposes in connection with the campaign to influence the federal election of the candidate" (see below). [12] "Dark money": spending to influence elections where the source of the money is not disclosed to voters (see below). [13]
An independent expenditure, in elections in the United States, is a political campaign communication that expressly advocates for the election or defeat of a clearly identified political candidate that is not made in cooperation, consultation or concert with – or at the request or suggestion of – a candidate, a candidate's authorized committee, or a political party. [1]
The Shays–Meehan Campaign Reform Act (H.R. 417) evolved into the McCain–Feingold Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002. [4] Political Reform Act (Proposition 9) The Political Reform Act (1974) was enacted in the state of California in 1974, in order to provide greater transparency surrounding political campaign funding. Post watergate ...
The Federal Election Commission, created in 1975 by an amendment to the Federal Election Campaign Act, has the responsibility to disclose campaign finance information, to enforce the provisions of the law such as the limits and prohibitions on contributions, and to oversee the public funding of U.S. presidential elections.
Party committees act as hubs of information, sharing information, strategies, and tactics between connected organizations and allies. For example, party committees may share information about candidates in targeted elections in order to encourage members of the existing caucuses and allied organizations to endorse or donate to their campaign. [6]
In contexts of the efforts of candidates, party activities and ballot measure campaigns, "get-out-the-vote" or "GOTV" is an adjective indicating having the effect of increasing the number of the campaign's supporters who will vote in the immediately approaching election. Typically GOTV is a distinct phase of the overall campaign.
This strategy, called Woodall free riding, is essentially eliminated by Meek's method; however, Meek's method is rarely used because of its substantial complexity, having been adopted only for some local elections in New Zealand. [74] In Malta's STV, the two-party system can cause strategic voting away from third parties. [citation needed]
A 527 organization or 527 group is a type of U.S. tax-exempt organization organized under Section 527 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 527).A 527 group is created primarily to influence the selection, nomination, election, appointment or defeat of candidates to federal, state or local public office.