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As of 2021, the city had a population of 1,762,949, [24] and a metropolitan population of 4,291,732, [25] making it the second-largest metropolitan area in Canada. French is the city's official language. [26] [27] In 2021, 85.7% of the population of the city of Montreal considered themselves fluent in French while 90.2% could speak it in the ...
A city is displayed in bold if it is a provincial or federal capital (Ottawa). An italicized city is its largest in its province. The three territories ( Yukon , Northwest Territories , Nunavut ) and one province ( Prince Edward Island ) do not have municipalities among the 100 most populous in Canada.
It also lies 502 km (312 mi) northeast of Toronto, 407 km (253 mi) northwest of Boston and 530 km (330 mi) directly north of New York City. [1] The city is located on the central and eastern portions of the Island of Montreal, the largest island in the Hochelaga Archipelago, at the confluence of the Saint Lawrence and Ottawa Rivers.
The French language became an international language, the second international language alongside Latin, in the Middle Ages, "from the fourteenth century onwards".It was not by virtue of the power of the Kingdom of France: '"... until the end of the fifteenth century, the French of the chancellery spread as a political and literary language because the French court was the model of chivalric ...
According to Statistics Canada, at the time of the 2011 Canadian census the city of Montreal proper had 1,649,519 inhabitants. [5] A total of 3,824,221 lived in the Montreal Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) at the same 2011 census, up from 3,635,556 at the 2006 census (within 2006 CMA boundaries), which means a population growth rate of +5.2% between 2006 and 2011. [6]
CHUQ (the local hospital network) is the city's largest institutional employer, with more than 10,000 employees in 2007. The unemployment rate in June 2018 was 3.8%, below the national average (6.0%) and the second-lowest of Canada's 34 largest cities, behind Peterborough (2.7%). [72] Around 10% of jobs are in manufacturing. [73]
The French language was relegated to second rank as far as trade and state communications were concerned. Out of necessity, the educated class learned the English language and became progressively bilingual, but the great majority of the French-speaking inhabitants continued to speak only French, and their population increased.
The phenomenon is linked to the linguistic environments which cohabit Montreal – Quebec's largest city, Canada's second-largest metropolitan area, and home to a number of communities, neighbourhoods, and even municipalities in which English is the de facto common language. The anglophone minority's capacity to assimilate allophones and even ...