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The Holocaust (/ ˈ h ɒ l ə k ɔː s t / ⓘ), [1] known in Hebrew as the Shoah (שואה), was the genocide of European Jews during World War II.Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe, around two-thirds of Europe's Jewish population.
Servicemen of the 20th Air Force stationed in Guam during World War II participate in a Rosh Hashanah service. Approximately 1.5 million Jews served in the regular Allied militaries during World War II. [10] Approximately 550,000 American Jews served in the various branches of the United States Armed Forces.
World War II deaths by country World War II deaths by theater. World War II was the deadliest military conflict in history.An estimated total of 70–85 million deaths were caused by the conflict, representing about 3% of the estimated global population of 2.3 billion in 1940. [1]
Accounts of the concentration camps – both condemnatory and sympathetic – were publicized outside of Germany before World War II. [106] Many survivors testified about their experiences or wrote memoirs after the war. Some of these accounts have become internationally famous, such as Primo Levi's 1947 book, If This is a Man. [107]
A timeline of the Holocaust is detailed in the events which are listed below. Also referred to as the Shoah (in Hebrew), the Holocaust was a genocide in which some six million European Jews were killed by Nazi Germany and its World War II collaborators. About 1.5 million of the victims were children.
Evidence collected by the prosecution for the Nuremberg trials Corpses found at Klooga concentration camp by the Red Army Holocaust death toll as a percentage of the total pre-war Jewish population in Europe. The Holocaust—the murder of about six million Jews by Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1945—is the most-documented genocide in history.
People's Republic of Angola, later Republic of Angola, and allies vs. Democratic People's Republic of Angola and allies Angola Burundian Civil War: 0.55–0.8 million [98] [99] [90] 1993–2005 Burundi vs. Ethnic Hutu vs. Tutsi Militants Rwanda and Burundi Second Punic War: 0.77 million [100] 218 BCE–201 BCE Roman Republic vs. Ancient Carthage
Overall, of the 522,000 Jews living in Germany in January 1933, approximately 304,000 emigrated during the first six years of Nazi rule and about 214,000 were left on the eve of World War II. Of these, 160,000-180,000 were killed as a part of the Holocaust. On 19 May 1943, only about 20,000 Jews remained and Germany was declared judenrein. [1]