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In computing, redirection is a form of interprocess communication, and is a function common to most command-line interpreters, including the various Unix shells that can redirect standard streams to user-specified locations. The concept of redirection is quite old, dating back to the earliest operating systems (OS).
See Template:Man/die.net for an example; see Template:Man/FreeBSD for a demonstration of varying the attribution by manual section. Internals Template:man handles choosing the default source and calling it for URL and attribution; the default source is Template:man/default , which is a template redirect currently to Template:man/SUS .
Process substitution can also be used to capture output that would normally go to a file, and redirect it to the input of a process. The Bash syntax for writing to a process is >(command). Here is an example using the tee, wc and gzip commands that counts the lines in a file with wc -l and compresses it with gzip in one pass:
The term "here document" or "here string" is also used for multiline string literals in various programming languages, notably Perl (syntax influenced by Unix shell), and languages influenced by Perl, notably PHP and Ruby. The shell-style << syntax is often retained, despite not being used for input redirection.
sc is a cross-platform, free, TUI, spreadsheet and calculator application that runs on Unix and Unix-like operating systems. It has also been ported to Windows. It can be accessed through a terminal emulator, and has a simple interface and keyboard shortcuts resembling the key bindings of the Vim text editor. It can be used in a similar manner ...
The classic filter in Unix is Ken Thompson's grep, which Doug McIlroy cites as what "ingrained the tools outlook irrevocably" in the operating system, with later tools imitating it. [1] grep at its simplest prints any lines containing a character string to its output. The following is an example:
A PDF creator and virtual PDF printer for Microsoft Windows PDF-XChange: Proprietary: Yes: PDF Tools allows creation of PDFs from many types of source input (images, scans, etc.). The PDF-XChange print driver allows printing directly to a PDF. A "lite" version of the print driver is free for non-commercial (home and academic) use. PrimoPDF ...
Much available free and open-source software is written for the POSIX API. Since so much more development flows into the Linux kernel as compared to the other POSIX-compliant combinations of kernel and C standard library, [ citation needed ] the Linux kernel and its API have been augmented with additional features.