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Common physical security access control with a finger print A sailor checks an identification card (ID) before allowing a vehicle to enter a military installation.. In physical security and information security, access control (AC) is the selective restriction of access to a place or other resource, while access management describes the process.
In computer security, general access control includes identification, authorization, authentication, access approval, and audit.A more narrow definition of access control would cover only access approval, whereby the system makes a decision to grant or reject an access request from an already authenticated subject, based on what the subject is authorized to access.
Role-based access control is a policy-neutral access control mechanism defined around roles and privileges. The components of RBAC such as role-permissions, user-role and role-role relationships make it simple to perform user assignments. A study by NIST has demonstrated that RBAC addresses many needs of commercial and government organizations. [4]
Identity management (ID management) – or identity and access management (IAM) – is the organizational and technical processes for first registering and authorizing access rights in the configuration phase, and then in the operation phase for identifying, authenticating and controlling individuals or groups of people to have access to applications, systems or networks based on previously ...
Hence, access control in computer systems and networks relies on access authorization specified during configuration. Most modern, multi-user operating systems include role-based access control (RBAC) where authorization is implicitly defined by the roles. User authentication is the process of verifying the identity of consumers. When an ...
Conversely, single sign-off or single log-out (SLO) is the property whereby a single action of signing out terminates access to multiple software systems. As different applications and resources support different authentication mechanisms, single sign-on must internally store the credentials used for initial authentication and translate them to ...
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The access badge contains a number that is read by a card reader. This number is usually called the facility code and is programmed by the administrator. The number is sent to an access control system, a computer system that makes access control decisions based on information about the credential. If the credential is included in an access ...