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  2. 4th Line Infantry Regiment (Congress Poland) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_Line_Infantry_Regiment...

    The 4th Line Infantry Regiment (Polish: 4. pułk piechoty liniowej) was a regiment of the Kingdom of Poland. Formed in 1815, [1] the regiment distinguished itself in the battles of the November Uprising and remains one of the best-known units of the Polish Army of the era. The soldiers of the regiment are known in Polish historical works as the ...

  3. Paweł Jasienica - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paweł_Jasienica

    Paweł Jasienica was the pen name of Leon Lech Beynar (10 November 1909 – 19 August 1970), a Polish historian, journalist, essayist and soldier.. During World War II, Jasienica (then, Leon Beynar) fought in the Polish Army, and later, the Home Army resistance.

  4. Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massacres_of_Poles_in...

    At the first-ever joint Polish-Ukrainian conference in Podkowa Leśna, organized on June 7–9, 1994 by Karta Centre, and subsequent Polish-Ukrainian historian meetings, with almost 50 Polish and Ukrainian participants, an estimate of 50,000 Polish deaths in Volhynia was settled on, [183] which they considered to be moderate.

  5. 4th Infantry Division (Poland) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_Infantry_Division_(Poland)

    In 1944, the Soviet Union also stood up a Polish 4th Infantry Division within the so-called Polish First Army, part of the 1st Belorussian Front. The division’s overall personnel consisted primarily of Poles deported to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics after the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, although most of the officers and ...

  6. History of Poland (1918–1939) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Poland_(1918...

    [2] [3] [4] Its independence was confirmed by the victorious powers through the Treaty of Versailles of June 1919, [5] and most of the territory won in a series of border wars fought from 1918 to 1921. [3] Poland's frontiers were settled in 1922 and internationally recognized in 1923.

  7. Polish Underground State - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_Underground_State

    In many respects, the history of the Polish Underground State mirrors that of the Polish non-communist resistance in general. The Underground State traces its origins to the Service for Poland's Victory (Służba Zwycięstwu Polski, SZP) organization, which was founded on 27 September 1939, one day before the surrender of the Polish capital of Warsaw, at a time when the Polish defeat in the ...

  8. Silent Unseen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silent_Unseen

    On 4 August 1995, the Polish special-forces unit GROM adopted the name and traditions of the Cichociemni. Polish TV has produced a series, Czas honoru (Time of Honour), about the Silent Unseen. An urban park commemorating the paratroopers, known as the Silent Unseen Park , was established in 2016 in Warsaw .

  9. Anti-communist resistance in Poland (1944–1989) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-communist_resistance...

    Anti-communist resistance in Poland can be divided into two types: the armed partisan struggle, mostly led by former Armia Krajowa and Narodowe Siły Zbrojne soldiers, which ended in the late 1950s (see cursed soldiers), [1] and the non-violent, civil resistance struggle that culminated in the creation and victory of the Solidarity trade union.