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Chemisorption is a kind of adsorption which involves a chemical reaction between the surface and the adsorbate. New chemical bonds are generated at the adsorbent surface. Examples include macroscopic phenomena that can be very obvious, like corrosion [clarification needed], and subtler effects associated with heterogeneous catalysis, where the catalyst and reactants are in different pha
The lipid bilayer (or phospholipid bilayer) is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules. These membranes are flat sheets that form a continuous barrier around all cells . The cell membranes of almost all organisms and many viruses are made of a lipid bilayer, as are the nuclear membrane surrounding the cell nucleus , and ...
E1 stands for unimolecular elimination, and E2 stands for bimolecular elimination. In an E1 mechanism, the molecule contains a good leaving group that departs before deprotonation of the α-carbon. This results in the formation of a carbocation intermediate. The carbocation is then deprotonated resulting in the formation of a new pi bond.
Vapor-solid reactions: formation of an inactive surface layer and/or formation of a volatile compound that exits the reactor. [22] This results in a loss of surface area and/or catalyst material. Solid-state transformation : solid-state diffusion of catalyst support atoms to the surface followed by a reaction that forms an inactive phase.
A schematic diagram of an adsorption chiller: (1) heat is lost through evaporation of refrigerant, (2) refrigerant vapour is adsorbed onto the solid medium, (3) refrigerant is desorbed from the solid medium section not in use, (4) refrigerant is condensed and returned to the start, (5) & (6) solid medium is cycled between adsorption and ...
[126] [127] The model assumes both the ocean and atmosphere are composed mostly of well-mixed, constantly moving fluid layers with the sea surface microlayer present as a permanent thin-film layer in the middle. Gas exchange occurs by molecular diffusion between the two fluid layers through the sea surface microlayer. [126] [128]
Centrifugal liquid-phase epitaxy is used commercially to make thin layers of silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide. [17] [18] Centrifugally formed film growth is a process used to form thin layers of materials by using a centrifuge. The process has been used to create silicon for thin-film solar cells [19] [20] and far-infrared ...
Although the results of this experiment were accurate, Fricke misinterpreted the data to mean that the cell membrane is a single molecular layer. Because the polar lipid headgroups are fully hydrated, they do not show up in a capacitance measurement meaning that this experiment actually measured the thickness of the hydrocarbon core, not the ...