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  2. Base excess - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_excess

    A base deficit (i.e., a negative base excess) can be correspondingly defined by the amount of strong base that must be added. A further distinction can be made between actual and standard base excess: actual base excess is that present in the blood, while standard base excess is the value when the hemoglobin is at 5 g/dl.

  3. Acid–base homeostasis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acid–base_homeostasis

    In medical terminology, the terms acidosis and alkalosis should always be qualified by an adjective to indicate the etiology of the disturbance: respiratory (indicating a change in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide), [25] or metabolic (indicating a change in the Base Excess of the ECF). [9]

  4. Metabolic acidosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_acidosis

    Metabolic acidosis is a serious electrolyte disorder characterized by an imbalance in the body's acid-base balance.Metabolic acidosis has three main root causes: increased acid production, loss of bicarbonate, and a reduced ability of the kidneys to excrete excess acids. [5]

  5. Bicarbonate buffer system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicarbonate_buffer_system

    As with any buffer system, the pH is balanced by the presence of both a weak acid (for example, H 2 CO 3) and its conjugate base (for example, HCO − 3) so that any excess acid or base introduced to the system is neutralized. Failure of this system to function properly results in acid-base imbalance, such as acidemia (pH < 7.35) and alkalemia ...

  6. Glossary of biology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_biology

    This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...

  7. Acidosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidosis

    Inadequate supply occurs, for example, with hypoperfusion as occurs in hemorrhagic shock. A rise in lactate out of proportion to the level of pyruvate, e.g., in mixed venous blood, is termed "excess lactate", and is an indicator of anaerobic glycolysis occurring in muscle cells, as seen during strenuous exercise. Once oxygenation is restored ...

  8. Metabolic alkalosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolic_alkalosis

    Metabolic alkalosis is an acid-base disorder in which the pH of tissue is elevated beyond the normal range (7.35–7.45). This is the result of decreased hydrogen ion concentration, leading to increased bicarbonate (HCO − 3), or alternatively a direct result of increased bicarbonate concentrations.

  9. Renal physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology

    The lungs contribute to acid-base homeostasis by regulating carbon dioxide (CO 2) concentration. The kidneys have two very important roles in maintaining the acid-base balance: to reabsorb and regenerate bicarbonate from urine, and to excrete hydrogen ions and fixed acids (anions of acids) into urine.