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The endometrium is the inner epithelial layer, along with its mucous membrane, of the mammalian uterus.It has a basal layer and a functional layer: the basal layer contains stem cells which regenerate the functional layer. [1]
The uterus has three layers, which together form the uterine wall. From innermost to outermost, these layers are the endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium. [7] The endometrium is the inner epithelial layer, along with its mucous membrane, of the mammalian uterus.
The uterus or womb is the major female reproductive organ. The uterus provides mechanical protection, nutritional support, and waste removal for the developing embryo (weeks 1 to 8) and fetus (from week 9 until the delivery). In addition, contractions in the muscular wall of the uterus are important in pushing out the fetus at the time of birth.
Menstrual cycle The menstrual cycle is a series of natural changes in hormone production and the structures of the uterus and ovaries of the female reproductive system that makes pregnancy possible. The ovarian cycle controls the production and release of eggs and the cyclic release of estrogen and progesterone. The uterine cycle governs the preparation and maintenance of the lining of the ...
One ovum is released and it passes through the fallopian tube into the uterus. Hormones produced by the ovaries prepare the uterus to receive the ovum. The lining of the uterus, called the endometrium, and unfertilized ova are shed each cycle through the process of menstruation. If the ova is fertilized by sperm, it attaches to the endometrium ...
The appearance and presence of vaginal rugae change over the life span of females and are associated with hormonal cycles, estrogens, childbirth, puberty and menopause. During gynecological examination of prepubescent girls, rugae can be visualized. [10] The vaginal rugae change after menopause.
Uterine glands or endometrial glands are tubular glands, lined by a simple columnar epithelium, found in the functional layer of the endometrium that lines the uterus. Their appearance varies during the menstrual cycle. During the proliferative phase, uterine glands appear long due to estrogen secretion by the ovaries.
Menopause, also known as the climacteric, is the time when menstrual periods permanently stop, marking the end of reproduction. [1] [6] [7] It typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, although the exact timing can vary. [8] Menopause is usually a natural change related to a decrease in circulating blood estrogen levels. [3]