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The use of negative space is a key element of artistic composition. The Japanese word "ma" is sometimes used for this concept, for example in garden design. [2] [3] [4] In a composition, the positive space has the more visual weight while the surrounding space - that is less visually important is seen as the negative space.
In page layout, illustration and sculpture, white space is often referred to as negative space.It is the portion of a page left unmarked: margins, gutters, and space between columns, lines of type, graphics, figures, or objects drawn or depicted, and is not necessarily actually white if the background is of a different colour.
Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make written ... (understanding the meaning). ... Type may be combined with negative space and images, ...
In digital typography, kerning is usually applied to letter pairs as a number by which the default character spacing should be increased or decreased: a positive value for an increase, a negative value for a decrease. The number is expressed in font units, one unit being a certain fraction of an em (one em is the type size currently used ...
Letter spacing may also refer to the insertion of fixed spaces, as was commonly done in hand-set metal type to achieve letter spacing. Fixed spaces vary by size and include hair spaces, thin spaces, word spaces, en-spaces, and em-spaces. An en-space is equal to half the current point size, and an em-space is the same width as the current point ...
Condensed type occupies less space than expanded type, so that a whole page of text can be reduced to half a page. The capline and x-height ratio improve or decrease word legibility. The capline and x-height ratio improve or decrease word legibility.
Positive space refers to the areas of the work with a subject, while negative space is the space without a subject. [6] Open and closed space coincides with three-dimensional art, like sculptures, where open spaces are empty, and closed spaces contain physical sculptural elements.
When Knuth's 1984 The TeXbook needed an example of blackboard bold for the index, he produced using the letters I and R with a negative space between; [15] in 1988 Robert Messer extended this to a full set of "poor person's blackboard bold" macros, overtyping each capital letter with carefully placed I characters or vertical lines.