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  2. Permanent income hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_income_hypothesis

    The American economist Milton Friedman developed the permanent income hypothesis in his 1957 book A Theory of the Consumption Function. [7] In his book, Friedman posits a theory that explained how and why future expectations change consumption. [8] Friedman's 1957 book A Theory of the Consumption Function created the basis for consumption ...

  3. Milton Friedman - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milton_Friedman

    Milton Friedman (/ ˈ f r iː d m ən / ⓘ; July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American economist and statistician who received the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his research on consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and the complexity of stabilization policy. [4]

  4. Consumption function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumption_function

    If this assumption is to be used, it would result in a nonlinear consumption function with a diminishing slope. Further theories on the shape of the consumption function include James Duesenberry 's (1949) relative consumption expenditure, [ 9 ] Franco Modigliani and Richard Brumberg's (1954) life-cycle hypothesis , and Milton Friedman 's (1957 ...

  5. Consumption smoothing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumption_smoothing

    Another model to look at for consumption smoothing is Hall's model, which is inspired by Milton Friedman. Since Friedman's 1956 permanent income theory and Modigliani and Brumberg's 1954 life-cycle model, the idea that agents prefer a stable path of consumption has been widely accepted.

  6. History of economic thought - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_economic_thought

    Friedman was also known for his work on the consumption function, the Permanent Income Hypothesis (1957), which Friedman referred to as his best scientific work. [127] This work contended that rational consumers would spend a proportional amount of what they perceived to be their permanent income. Windfall gains would mostly be saved.

  7. Essays in Positive Economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essays_in_Positive_Economics

    First edition (publ. University of Chicago Press) Milton Friedman's book Essays in Positive Economics (1953) is a collection of earlier articles by the author with as its lead an original essay "The Methodology of Positive Economics."

  8. Adaptive expectations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_expectations

    The first use adaptive expectations hypothesis was to describe agent behavior in The Purchasing Power of Money by Irving Fisher (1911), then later used to describe models such as hyperinflation by Philip Cagan (1956). [3] Adaptive expectations were instrumental in the consumption function (1957) and Phillips curve outlined by Milton Friedman ...

  9. Consumer economy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_economy

    The absolute income hypothesis argues that income and demand generate consumption, and that the rise in GDP gives life to a rise in consumption. It was popularized by Keynes. Milton Friedman argues for a permanent income hypothesis, that consumption spending is a function of how rich you are. [6]