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A resuscitative thoracotomy is indicated when severe injuries within the thoracic cavity (such as hemorrhage) prevent the physiologic functions needed to sustain life.The injury may also affect a specific organ such as the heart, which can develop an air embolism or a cardiac tamponade (which prevents the heart from beating properly).
Traumatic cardiac arrest (asystole, course or fine ventricular fibrillation, pulseless electrical activity, or pulseless ventricular tachycardia) or near arrest (unstable ventricular tachycardia with a pulse, or bradycardia with a pulse) and an emergency department chest incision- thoracotomy [clarification needed] Cardiac tamponade
In cardiac tamponade, blood or other fluids building up in the pericardium can put pressure on the heart so that it is not able to beat. This condition can be recognized by the presence of a narrowing pulse pressure , muffled heart sounds , distended neck veins, electrical alternans on the electrocardiogram , or by visualization on echocardiogram .
Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade (/ ˌ t æ m. p ə ˈ n eɪ d / [4]), is a compression of the heart due to pericardial effusion (the build-up of pericardial fluid in the sac around the heart). [2] Onset may be rapid or gradual. [2]
For example: cardiac tamponade is a condition where fluid collects in the pericardial sac increasing pressure within the pericardium which in turn prevents the ventricles from expanding fully significantly reducing the efficiency of the heart. It is considered a medical emergency and if left unchecked is fatal.
Pericardiocentesis can be used to diagnose and treat cardiac tamponade. [3] [4] Cardiac tamponade is a medical emergency in which excessive accumulation of fluid within the pericardium (pericardial effusion) creates increased pressure. [5] This prevents the heart from filling normally with blood.
This compression, called cardiac tamponade, is often associated with hemopericardium and can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly. [6] Early signs of this compression include right atrial inversion during ventricular systole followed by diastolic compression of the right ventricular outflow tract .
Beck's triad is a collection of three medical signs associated with acute cardiac tamponade, a medical emergency when excessive fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac around the heart and impairs its ability to pump blood. The signs are low arterial blood pressure, distended neck veins, and distant, muffled heart sounds. [1]