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A styca of Æthelred II of Northumbria. The styca (pronounced; pl. stycas) was a small coin minted in pre-Viking Northumbria, originally in base silver and subsequently in a copper alloy. Production began in the 790s and continued until the 850s, though the coin remained in circulation until the Viking conquest of Northumbria in 867.
Silver penny of Cnut of Northumbria. In 1840 a hoard of over 8,000 items (known as the Cuerdale Hoard) was found in Cuerdale, Lancashire, England.Around 3,000 Northumbrian silver coins bearing the inscription CNVT REX (King Cnut) were found as part of this hoard, indicating the existence of a previously unknown Viking King of Northumbria.
King Aldfrith (685–705) minted Northumbria's earliest silver coins, likely in York. Later royal coinage bears the name of King Eadberht (738–758), as well as his brother, Archbishop Ecgbert of York. [121] These coins were primarily small silver sceattas, more suitable to small, everyday transactions than larger gold Frankish or Roman coins ...
It is estimated that the hoard contained c. 10,000 stycas, a type of early medieval Northumbrian coin. [1] It contained both silver-alloy and copper-alloy stycas, and a listing from the Journal of the British Archaeological Association in 1846 includes coins of the kings Eanred, Aethelred II, Redwulf and Osberht, as well as those of the archbishops Eanbald, Wigmund and Wulfhere. [3]
During the ninth century, both kings of Northumbria and archbishops of York minted styca coinage. [2] The historian Stewart Lyon estimated that Wigmund produced coinage from between 837 and 846. [3] The coins issued by Wigmund were minted by a number of moneyers, including Aethelweard, Hunlaf and Coenred. [2]
Coins of the Hexham hoard in Manchester Museum. The hoard was divided and parcels of the coins from it were sold to a number of institutions, including: British Museum; [6] [5] the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle; [9] the Ashmolean Museum (who also had a portion of the bucket for a period of time); [10] Whitby Museum; [9] Manchester Art Gallery – where an unopened parcel from the hoard ...
The coins within the assemblage were issued by the kings of Northumbria, Eanred, Aethelred II, Redwulf and Osberht, as well as by the archbishops of York, Eanbald II, Wigmund and Wulfhere. [1] They were first described by the antiquarian John Adamson. [5] Based on the contents of the hoard, its date of deposition has been attributed to c.865. [2]
The Northumbrian coinage is thought to have begun during Aldfrith's reign. Early silver coins, known as sceattas, appeared, replacing the impractical gold thrymsa as a medium of exchange. [58] Exceptionally for the period, Aldfrith's coins bear his name, rather than that of a moneyer, in an Irish uncial script. Most show a lion, with upraised tail.