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Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) is an emerging minimally invasive procedure to treat chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in people who are not suitable for pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) or still have residual pulmonary hypertension and areas of narrowing in the pulmonary arterial tree following previous PTE.
Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and pulmonary vasodilator drug treatment may be considered for those people that are not suitable for surgery. [11] Specialist imaging using either magnetic resonance or invasive PA is necessary to determine risks and benefits of interventional treatment with PEA or BPA. [8]
Angioplasty is used to treat venous stenosis affecting dialysis access, with drug-coated balloon angioplasty proving to have better 6 month and 12 month patency than conventional balloon angioplasty. [13] Angioplasty is occasionally used to treat residual subclavian vein stenosis following decompression surgery for thoracic outlet syndrome. [14]
The accuracy of pulmonary angiography may be higher than clinical examination, arterial blood gas results, and ventilation/perfusion scan. [2] Pulmonary angiography is also used to confirm chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and provides a platform for balloon pulmonary angioplasty to treat the disease. [3]
The Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt (BTT shunt), [1] previously known as the Blalock–Taussig Shunt (BT shunt), [2] is a surgical procedure used to increase blood flow to the lungs in some forms of congenital heart disease [3] such as pulmonary atresia and tetralogy of Fallot, which are common causes of blue baby syndrome. [3]
Since the later 1990s, most angioplasties also involve a stent over the angioplasty balloon; the balloon is hydraulically expanded, typically at 6–25 atmospheres of internal pressure, then deflated and removed while the stent remains behind to mechanically support the lumen remaining in the new, more open shape as created by the hydraulically ...
A little girl holding a balloon looks at a Christmas display filled with toys and puppets in 1957. National Film Board of Canada - Getty Images. Department Store: 1958.
It is where innovations have taken place in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. [1] [2] National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Center. References