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Lithium and then potassium are the two lightest metallic elements. Magnesium, aluminium and titanium alloys are light metals of significant commercial importance. [2] Their densities of 1.7, 2.7 and 4.5 g/cm 3 range from 19 to 56% of the densities of other structural metals, [3] such as iron (7.9) and copper (8.9).
Cubic boron nitride is insoluble in iron, nickel, and related alloys at high temperatures, but it binds well with metals due to formation of interlayers of metal borides and nitrides. It is also insoluble in most acids, but is soluble in alkaline molten salts and nitrides, such as LiOH, KOH, NaOH/Na 2 CO 3, NaNO 3 which are used to etch c-BN. [32]
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Figure 1: Number of scientific articles with terms AZ91 or AZ31 in the abstract. Camera chassis of a Samsung NX1, made of magnesium alloy. Magnesium alloys are mixtures of magnesium (the lightest structural metal) with other metals (called an alloy), often aluminium, zinc, manganese, silicon, copper, rare earths and zirconium.
The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or rare earths, and sometimes the lanthanides or lanthanoids (although scandium and yttrium, which do not belong to this series, are usually included as rare earths), [1] are a set of 17 nearly indistinguishable lustrous silvery-white soft heavy metals. Compounds containing rare ...
Titanium is the ninth-most abundant element in Earth's crust (0.63% by mass) [30] and the seventh-most abundant metal. It is present as oxides in most igneous rocks , in sediments derived from them, in living things, and natural bodies of water.
Because tungsten is a rare metal [134] and its compounds are generally inert, the effects of tungsten on the environment are limited. [135] The abundance of tungsten in the Earth's crust is thought to be about 1.5 parts per million. It is the 58th most abundant element found on Earth. [136]