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The Orange Free State (Dutch: Oranje Vrijstaat [oːˈrɑɲə ˈvrɛistaːt]; Afrikaans: Oranje-Vrystaat [uˈraɲə ˈfrəistɑːt]) was an independent Boer-ruled sovereign republic under British suzerainty in Southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century, which ceased to exist after it was defeated and surrendered to the British Empire at the end of the Second Boer War in 1902.
The Orange River Sovereignty (1848–1854; Afrikaans: Oranjerivier-soewereiniteit) was a short-lived political entity between the Orange and Vaal rivers in Southern Africa, a region known informally as Transorangia. In 1854, it became the Orange Free State, and is now the Free State province of South Africa.
The state president of the Orange Free State had the executive authority in the Orange Free State. By the constitution of 1854, the president was elected by the Burghers, from a list of candidates nominated by the Volksraad for a term of five years. There were no term-limits. [1] The Old Presidency in Bloemfontein
The Volksraad of the Orange Free State (Afrikaans: Volksraad van die Oranje-Vrystaat) was the unicameral parliament of the Orange Free State. It was the supreme authority of Orange Free State. [2] Volksraad had 52-57 members representing major town and districts in the republic. [3]
The chaotic diamond fields were disputed among several political claimants, such as the local Griqua people, the Orange Free State and the Transvaal Republic. The white British miners ("diggers") rejected all of these claims and, following a series of disputes, a faction of the miners declared themselves independent until they could attain ...
In May the election results were announced, with Van Rensburg becoming president and Kruger as commandant-general. Both expressed disappointment at the low turnout and resolved to hold another set of elections. Van Rensburg's opponent was now Pretorius, who had resigned his office in the Orange Free State and returned to the Transvaal.
1836 - Made a free warehousing port; 1841 - Jetty constructed in Algoa Bay. [4] 1845 - Eastern Province Herald newspaper begins publication. [5] 1856 Grey High School founded. [3] King George VI Art Gallery opens. 1859 - St George's Park founded. 1861 - Town of Port Elizabeth incorporated. [1] 1862 - Western-Road Synagogue formed. [6]
At noon, the Orange Free State was annexed to the British Empire, in a proclamation at Bloemfontein by its new military governor, Major General George T. Pretyman. [73] Located in South Africa, the Orange Free State had existed as an independent republic from 1854 until Britain's victory in the Second Boer War.