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  2. Lipid polymorphism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_polymorphism

    More complicated aggregations have also been observed, such as rhombohedral, tetragonal and orthorhombic phases. It forms an important part of current academic research in the fields of membrane biophysics (polymorphism), biochemistry (biological impact) and organic chemistry (synthesis).

  3. Crystal system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_system

    Crystals can be classified in three ways: lattice systems, crystal systems and crystal families. The various classifications are often confused: in particular the trigonal crystal system is often confused with the rhombohedral lattice system, and the term "crystal system" is sometimes used to mean "lattice system" or "crystal family".

  4. Rhombohedron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombohedron

    It can be used to define the rhombohedral lattice system, a honeycomb with rhombohedral cells. A rhombohedron has two opposite apices at which all face angles are equal; a prolate rhombohedron has this common angle acute, and an oblate rhombohedron has an obtuse angle at these vertices.

  5. Orthorhombic crystal system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthorhombic_crystal_system

    In crystallography, the orthorhombic crystal system is one of the 7 crystal systems. Orthorhombic lattices result from stretching a cubic lattice along two of its orthogonal pairs by two different factors, resulting in a rectangular prism with a rectangular base ( a by b ) and height ( c ), such that a , b , and c are distinct.

  6. Crystal polymorphism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_polymorphism

    Phase transitions (phase changes) that help describe polymorphism include polymorphic transitions as well as melting and vaporization transitions. According to IUPAC, a polymorphic transition is "A reversible transition of a solid crystalline phase at a certain temperature and pressure (the inversion point) to another phase of the same chemical composition with a different crystal structure."

  7. Allotropes of boron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allotropes_of_boron

    Well known crystalline forms are α-rhombohedral (α-R), β-rhombohedral (β-R), and β-tetragonal (β-T). In special circumstances, boron can also be synthesized in the form of its α-tetragonal (α-T) and γ-orthorhombic (γ) allotropes. Two amorphous forms, one a finely divided powder and the other a glassy solid, are also known.

  8. Crystallization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallization

    Crystallization is the process by which solids form, where the atoms or molecules are highly organized into a structure known as a crystal.Some ways by which crystals form are precipitating from a solution, freezing, or more rarely deposition directly from a gas.

  9. Triply periodic minimal surface - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triply_periodic_minimal...

    Numerous examples are known with cubic, tetragonal, rhombohedral, and orthorhombic symmetries. Monoclinic and triclinic examples are certain to exist, but have proven hard to parametrise. [1] TPMS are of relevance in natural science. TPMS have been observed as biological membranes, [2] as block copolymers, [3] equipotential surfaces in crystals ...