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Usnea is a genus of fruticose lichens in the large family Parmeliaceae. The genus, which currently contains roughly 130 species, was established by Michel Adanson in 1763. Species in the genus grow like leafless mini- shrubs or tassels anchored on bark or twigs.
Usnea florida is a species of beard lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1753 work Species Plantarum . German botanist Friedrich Heinrich Wiggers transferred it to the genus Usnea in 1780.
Growing on a conifer in the hills north of Mount St. Helens, showing the leaf-like side-branches and pendent "stems", some of them several metres long. Dolichousnea longissima (syn. Usnea longissima), [2] [3] commonly known by the names old man's beard or Methuselah's beard lichen, is a fruticose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae.
Usnea barbata. Walker described this species as follows: Male and female. Very pale ochraceous. Legs whitish; femora pale ochraceous towards the tips; tibiae with three ochraceous bands; tarsi with two ochraceous bands. Forewings acute, with an elongated fawn-coloured costal dot at three-fourths of the length. Hind wings fawn-colour.
The compound was first isolated in 1880 from the lichen Usnea barbata by chemists John Stenhouse and Charles Groves. [1] [2] [3] The compound coccellic acid, isolated from Cladonia coccifera, was later shown to be the same compound as barbatic acid. [4]
Usnea glabrescens is a species of beard lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It grows on bark , has a shrubby thallus with a blackened base, and a thick cortex . Several chemotypes of this species have been reported.
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Usnic acid was identified in many genera of lichens including Usnea, Cladonia, Hypotrachyna, Lecanora, Ramalina, Evernia, Parmelia and Alectoria. Although it is generally believed that usnic acid is exclusively restricted to lichens, in a few unconfirmed isolated cases the compound was found in kombucha tea and non-lichenized ascomycetes. [4] [5]
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