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Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) is a set of specifications that encompasses the XML-format for security tokens containing assertions to pass information about a user and protocols and profiles to implement authentication and authorization scenarios.
SAML is an XML-based markup language for security assertions (statements that service providers use to make access-control decisions). SAML is also: A set of XML-based protocol messages; A set of protocol message bindings; A set of profiles (utilizing all of the above) An important use case that SAML addresses is web-browser single sign-on (SSO).
A SAML service provider is a system entity that receives and accepts authentication assertions in conjunction with a single sign-on (SSO) profile of the Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML). In the SAML domain model, a SAML relying party is any system entity that receives and accepts information from another system entity.
A SAML authentication authority that participates in one or more SSO Profiles of SAML [OS 2] is called a SAML identity provider (or simply identity provider if the domain is understood). For example, an authentication authority that participates in SAML Web Browser SSO is an identity provider that performs the following essential tasks:
Security Assertion Markup Language 2.0 (SAML 2.0) is a version of the SAML standard for exchanging authentication and authorization identities between security domains.SAML 2.0 is an XML-based protocol that uses security tokens containing assertions to pass information about a principal (usually an end user) between a SAML authority, named an Identity Provider, and a SAML consumer, named a ...
Active Directory Federation Services: Microsoft: Proprietary: Claims-based system and application federation using SAML 2.0 or WS-Federation: Bitium: Bitium: Proprietary: Enterprise cloud-based identity and access management solution with single sign-on, active directory integration and 2-factor authentication options CAS / Central ...
A user wielding a user agent (usually a web browser) is called the subject in SAML-based single sign-on. The user requests a web resource protected by a SAML service provider. The service provider, wishing to know the identity of the user, issues an authentication request to a SAML identity provider through the user agent.
In the SAML domain model, an identity provider is a special type of authentication authority. Specifically, a SAML identity provider is a system entity that issues authentication assertions in conjunction with an SSO profile of SAML. A relying party that consumes these authentication assertions is called a SAML service provider. [citation needed]