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The std::string type is the main string datatype in standard C++ since 1998, but it was not always part of C++. From C, C++ inherited the convention of using null-terminated strings that are handled by a pointer to their first element, and a library of functions that manipulate such strings.
String functions are used in computer programming languages to manipulate a string or query information about a string (some do both).. Most programming languages that have a string datatype will have some string functions although there may be other low-level ways within each language to handle strings directly.
Most of the functions that operate on C strings are declared in the string.h header (cstring in C++), while functions that operate on C wide strings are declared in the wchar.h header (cwchar in C++). These headers also contain declarations of functions used for handling memory buffers; the name is thus something of a misnomer.
COBOL uses the STRING statement to concatenate string variables. MATLAB and Octave use the syntax "[x y]" to concatenate x and y. Visual Basic and Visual Basic .NET can also use the "+" sign but at the risk of ambiguity if a string representing a number and a number are together. Microsoft Excel allows both "&" and the function "=CONCATENATE(X,Y)".
string := FloatToStr(float); Visual Basic: integer = CInt(string) long = CLng(string) float = CSng(string) double = CDbl(string) string = CStr(number) Visual Basic .NET (can use both VB syntax above and .NET methods shown right) integer = Integer.Parse (string) long = Long.Parse (string) float = Single.Parse (string) double = Double.Parse ...
The C++ Standard Library provides several generic containers, functions to use and manipulate these containers, function objects, generic strings and streams (including interactive and file I/O), support for some language features, and functions for common tasks such as finding the square root of a number.
Microsoft C run-time library, part of Microsoft Visual C++. There are two versions of the library: MSVCRT that was a redistributable till v12 / Visual Studio 2013 with low C99 compliance, and a new one UCRT (Universal C Run Time) that is part of Windows 10 and 11, so always present to link against, and is C99 compliant too .
The restrict type qualifier defined in C99 was not included in the C++03 standard, but most mainstream compilers such as the GNU Compiler Collection, [18] Microsoft Visual C++, and Intel C++ Compiler provide similar functionality as an extension. Array parameter qualifiers in functions are supported in C but not C++.