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Saint Martin (French: Saint-Martin; Dutch: Sint Maarten) is an island in Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles in the northeastern Caribbean, approximately 300 km (190 mi) east of Puerto Rico. The 87 km 2 (34 sq mi) island is divided roughly 60:40 between the French Republic (53 km 2 or 20 sq mi) [ 1 ] and the Kingdom of the Netherlands (34 km ...
Sint Maarten (Dutch pronunciation: [sɪntˈmaːrtə(n)] ⓘ) is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands located in the Caribbean region of North America. [8] With a population of 58,477 [9] [2] as of June 2023 on an area of 34 km 2 (13 sq mi), it encompasses the southern 44% of the divided island of Saint Martin, while the northern 56% of the island constitutes the French ...
In 1994, France and the Netherlands signed the Franco-Dutch treaty on Saint Martin border controls, which improved the mutual border controls at their airports on the island. [11] Today there is a movement in both Sint Maarten and Saint Martin promoting the unification of the island, which would make the border between them disappear. [12]
Ancient relics date the island's first settlers, probably the Ciboney (a subgroup of Arawaks), back to 3,500 years ago. [citation needed] Then another group of Arawaks migrated from South America's Orinoco basin around 800 A.D. [citation needed] Because of St. Martin's salt-pans they called it "Soualiga," or "Land of Salt."
The confusion of numerous poorly charted small islands in the Leeward Islands meant that this name was accidentally transferred to the island now known as Saint-Martin/Sint Maarten. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Nominally a Spanish territory, the island became the focus of the competing interest of the European powers, notably France and the United Provinces .
On 31 August 1990, the "Unity Flag" of Saint Martin was adopted at the Preliminary Conference on National Symbols at the Philipsburg Jubilee Library, in Sint Maarten. This flag was created to represent the people of both halves of the island and the unification of the latter, and could be seen before officialization hoisted on some houses and ...
Since then, Sint Maarten is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, while Sint Eustatius and Saba are special municipalities of the Netherlands. "SSS" is an acronym of the islands' names, and is analogous to the ABC, CAS, and BES islands, which are other commonly used subdivisions of the Dutch Caribbean.
There currently is a movement in both Sint Maarten and Saint Martin for the unification of the island, which would invalidate the Treaty of Concordia.It has been proposed that the freedom of movement allowed by this treaty may have made possible the development of a common identity by the inhabitants of both halves of the island.
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