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Electrical resistance heating (ERH) is an intensive in situ environmental remediation method that uses the flow of alternating current electricity to heat soil and groundwater and evaporate contaminants. [1] Electric current is passed through a targeted soil volume between subsurface electrode elements.
Joule heating (also known as resistive, resistance, or Ohmic heating) is the process by which the passage of an electric current through a conductor produces heat.. Joule's first law (also just Joule's law), also known in countries of the former USSR as the Joule–Lenz law, [1] states that the power of heating generated by an electrical conductor equals the product of its resistance and the ...
30 kW resistance heating coils This radiant heater uses tungsten halogen lamps. Electric heating is a process in which electrical energy is converted directly to heat energy. Common applications include space heating, cooking, water heating and industrial processes.
The relationship between thermal conductance and resistance is analogous to that between electrical conductance and resistance in the domain of electronics. Thermal insulance (R-value) is a measure of a material's resistance to the heat current. It quantifies how effectively a material can resist the transfer of heat through conduction ...
Electrical heating systems occur less commonly and are practical only with low-cost electricity or when ground source heat pumps are used. Considering the combined system of thermal power station and electric resistance heating, the overall efficiency will be less than for direct use of fossil fuel for space heating. [1]
The heat output of any electrical heating element can be regulated by regulating the electrical power input. PTC heating elements also can be regulated indirectly. For example, a PTC heating element with a sharp change in resistance at a particular temperature can be fitted with a constant voltage source and a variable-speed fan. With the fan ...
Moreover, electric heat pumps are more efficient than electric resistance heating systems like baseboard heating, so they even reduce emissions relative to other electric heating systems. “You ...
Economical electric resistance based systems also are useful in small zones such as bathrooms and kitchens, but also for entire buildings where heating loads are very low. Larger structures will need more sophisticated systems to deal with cooling and heating needs, and often require building management control systems to regulate the energy ...
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