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JPEG 2000; enhanced support for embedding and playback of multimedia; object streams; cross reference streams; XML Forms Data Format (XFDF) for interactive form submission (replaced the XML format in PDF 1.4); support for forms, rich text elements and attributes based on Adobe's XML Forms Architecture (XFA) 2.02 (which defines only static XFA ...
Typography, type-founding, and typeface design began as closely related crafts in mid-15th-century Europe with the introduction of movable type printing at the junction of the medieval era and the Renaissance. Handwritten letterforms of the mid-15th century calligraphy were the natural models for letterforms in systematized typography. [1]
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A revolving type case for wooden type in China, an illustration shown in a book published in 1313 by Wang Zhen Korean movable type from 1377 used for the Jikji. Although typically applied to printed, published, broadcast, and reproduced materials in contemporary times, all words, letters, symbols, and numbers written alongside the earliest naturalistic drawings by humans may be called typography.
The availability of cheap or free fonts made the conversion to do-it-yourself easier, but also opened up a gap between skilled designers and amateurs. The advent of PostScript, supplemented by the PDF file format, provided a universal method of proofing designs and layouts, readable on major computers and operating systems.
The history of typography may refer to: History of Western typography , for the history of typography in Europe and the wider Western world History of typography in East Asia , for the history of East Asian typography and printing
Typeface remains the groundwork for design concepts. The hallmark of early modern typography is the sans-serif typeface. "Because of its simplicity, the even weight of its lines, and its nicely balanced proportions, sans serif forms pleasing and easily distinguished word patterns — a most important element in legibility and easy reading."
The evolution of minuscule Latin script. Humanist minuscule, or whiteletter, [a] is a handwriting script or style of script that was invented in secular circles in Italy, at the beginning of the fifteenth century. [1] "Few periods in Western history have produced writing of such great beauty", observes the art historian Millard Meiss. [2]