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  2. Stokes's law of sound attenuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stokes's_law_of_sound...

    In acoustics, Stokes's law of sound attenuation is a formula for the attenuation of sound in a Newtonian fluid, such as water or air, due to the fluid's viscosity.It states that the amplitude of a plane wave decreases exponentially with distance traveled, at a rate α given by = where η is the dynamic viscosity coefficient of the fluid, ω is the sound's angular frequency, ρ is the fluid ...

  3. Acoustic attenuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic_attenuation

    Acoustic attenuation in water is frequency-squared dependent, namely =. Acoustic attenuation in many metals and crystalline materials is frequency-independent, namely =. [10] In contrast, it is widely noted that the of viscoelastic materials is between 0 and 2.

  4. Attenuation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation

    In physics, attenuation (in some contexts, extinction) is the gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium. For instance, dark glasses attenuate sunlight, lead attenuates X-rays, and water and air attenuate both light and sound at variable attenuation rates. Hearing protectors help reduce acoustic flux from flowing into the ears.

  5. Sound transmission class - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_transmission_class

    It is based on the ASTM E-1332 Standard Classification for Rating Outdoor-Indoor Sound Attenuation. [37] Unlike the STC, which is based on a noise spectrum targeting speech sounds, OITC uses a source noise spectrum that considers frequencies down to 80 Hz (aircraft/rail/truck traffic) and is weighted more to lower frequencies.

  6. Attenuation coefficient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation_coefficient

    The linear attenuation coefficient, attenuation coefficient, or narrow-beam attenuation coefficient characterizes how easily a volume of material can be penetrated by a beam of light, sound, particles, or other energy or matter. [1]

  7. Underwater acoustics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater_acoustics

    Absorption of low frequency sound is weak. [7] (see Technical Guides – Calculation of absorption of sound in seawater for an on-line calculator).The main cause of sound attenuation in fresh water, and at high frequency in sea water (above 100 kHz) is viscosity.

  8. Acoustic wave equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic_wave_equation

    For lossy media, more intricate models need to be applied in order to take into account frequency-dependent attenuation and phase speed. Such models include acoustic wave equations that incorporate fractional derivative terms, see also the acoustic attenuation article or the survey paper.

  9. Acoustic transmission - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acoustic_transmission

    Example of airborne and structure-borne transmission of sound, where Lp is sound pressure level, A is attenuation, P is acoustical pressure, S is the area of the wall [m²], and τ is the transmission coefficient. Acoustic transmission is the transmission of sounds through and between materials, including air, wall, and musical instruments.

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