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Kim, Yang and Hwang (2006) distinguish 10 characteristics of indigenous psychology. [6] It emphasizes examining psychological phenomena in ecological, historical and cultural context. Indigenous psychology needs to be developed for all cultural, native and ethnic groups. It advocates use of multiple methods.
Virgilio Enriquez was a prominent advocate of indigenous psychology in Asia. This academic movement arose from Western psychology's lack of applicability to non-Western societies and thereby promoted cultural sensitivity and appropriateness within psychology by enabling each culture to develop their own frameworks and methodologies. [4]
Studying indigenous institutions will help formulate a more global psychology. In studying indigenous institutions, commonalities across nations, space, and time will emerge. However, in order to make headway, psychologists need to change the way data is interpreted in order to incorporate indigenous psychologies into a global psychology.
Cultural psychology is often confused with cross-cultural psychology.Even though both fields influence each other, cultural psychology is distinct from cross-cultural psychology in that cross-cultural psychologists generally use culture as a means of testing the universality of psychological processes rather than determining how local cultural practices shape psychological processes. [12]
Indian psychology refers to an emerging scholarly and scientific subfield of psychology.Psychologists working in this field are retrieving the psychological ideas embedded in indigenous Indian religious and spiritual traditions and philosophies, and expressing these ideas in psychological terms that permit further psychological research and application.
Many of the Indigenous peoples died from Old World diseases to which they lacked any immunity. There were a number of advanced civilizations in the Americas, [ 10 ] but they did lack two important resources: a pack animal large enough to carry a human; and the ability to make steel for tools and weapons.
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Yang was born on 22 December 1932 [1] into a peasant family in Qingdao, Shandong, Republic of China, and moved to Taiwan with his parents in 1947. [2] [3] When he was little, a fortune-teller predicted that he would not become an educated person, and he was determined to prove the prediction wrong. [3]