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The yields in the table sum to only 45.5522%, including 34.8401% which have half-lives greater than one year: ... 28.9 y: Source of much of the decay heat together ...
Broome in 1995 called a probability distribution 'paradoxical' if for any given first-envelope amount x, the expectation of the other envelope conditional on x is greater than x. The literature contains dozens of commentaries on the problem, much of which observes that a distribution of finite values can have an infinite expected value. [37]
1 Bq = 1 s −1. A special name was introduced for the reciprocal second (s −1) to represent radioactivity to avoid potentially dangerous mistakes with prefixes.For example, 1 μs −1 would mean 10 6 disintegrations per second: (10 −6 s) −1 = 10 6 s −1, [4] whereas 1 μBq would mean 1 disintegration per 1 million seconds.
In mathematics, the prime-counting function is the function counting the number of prime numbers less than or equal to some real number x. [1] [2] It is denoted by π(x) (unrelated to the number π). A symmetric variant seen sometimes is π 0 (x), which is equal to π(x) − 1 ⁄ 2 if x is exactly a prime number, and equal to π(x) otherwise.
Moreover, every positive integer can be written in a unique way as the sum of one or more distinct Fibonacci numbers in such a way that the sum does not include any two consecutive Fibonacci numbers. This is known as Zeckendorf's theorem , and a sum of Fibonacci numbers that satisfies these conditions is called a Zeckendorf representation.
In a third layer, the logarithms of rational numbers r = a / b are computed with ln(r) = ln(a) − ln(b), and logarithms of roots via ln n √ c = 1 / n ln(c).. The logarithm of 2 is useful in the sense that the powers of 2 are rather densely distributed; finding powers 2 i close to powers b j of other numbers b is comparatively easy, and series representations of ln(b) are ...
The prefix 0o also follows the model set by the prefix 0x used for hexadecimal literals in the C language; it is supported by Haskell, [19] OCaml, [20] Python as of version 3.0, [21] Raku, [22] Ruby, [23] Tcl as of version 9, [24] PHP as of version 8.1, [25] Rust [26] and ECMAScript as of ECMAScript 6 [27] (the prefix 0 originally stood for ...
Hexadecimal (also known as base-16 or simply hex) is a positional numeral system that represents numbers using a radix (base) of sixteen. Unlike the decimal system representing numbers using ten symbols, hexadecimal uses sixteen distinct symbols, most often the symbols "0"–"9" to represent values 0 to 9 and "A"–"F" to represent values from ten to fifteen.