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  2. List of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_trigonometric...

    The reciprocal identities arise as ratios of sides in the triangles where this unit line is no longer the hypotenuse. The triangle shaded blue illustrates the identity 1 + cot 2 ⁡ θ = csc 2 ⁡ θ {\displaystyle 1+\cot ^{2}\theta =\csc ^{2}\theta } , and the red triangle shows that tan 2 ⁡ θ + 1 = sec 2 ⁡ θ {\displaystyle \tan ^{2 ...

  3. Trigonometric functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_functions

    Basis of trigonometry: if two right triangles have equal acute angles, they are similar, so their corresponding side lengths are proportional.. In mathematics, the trigonometric functions (also called circular functions, angle functions or goniometric functions) [1] are real functions which relate an angle of a right-angled triangle to ratios of two side lengths.

  4. Tangent lines to circles - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent_lines_to_circles

    No tangent line can be drawn through a point within a circle, since any such line must be a secant line. However, two tangent lines can be drawn to a circle from a point P outside of the circle. The geometrical figure of a circle and both tangent lines likewise has a reflection symmetry about the radial axis joining P to the center point O of ...

  5. Proofs of trigonometric identities - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proofs_of_trigonometric...

    Let PQ be a line perpendicular to line OQ defined by angle , drawn from point Q on this line to point P. OQP is a right angle. Let QA be a perpendicular from point A on the x -axis to Q and PB be a perpendicular from point B on the x -axis to P. ∴ {\displaystyle \therefore } OAQ and OBP are right angles.

  6. Exact trigonometric values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exact_trigonometric_values

    Similarly / = is a constructible angle because 12 is a power of two (4) times a Fermat prime (3). But π / 9 = 20 ∘ {\displaystyle \pi /9=20^{\circ }} is not a constructible angle, since 9 = 3 ⋅ 3 {\displaystyle 9=3\cdot 3} is not the product of distinct Fermat primes as it contains 3 as a factor twice, and neither is π / 7 ≈ 25.714 ∘ ...

  7. Tangent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangent

    Tangent to a curve. The red line is tangential to the curve at the point marked by a red dot. Tangent plane to a sphere. In geometry, the tangent line (or simply tangent) to a plane curve at a given point is, intuitively, the straight line that "just touches" the curve at that point.

  8. Trigonometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometry

    Abu al-Wafa had sine tables in 0.25° increments, to 8 decimal places of accuracy, and accurate tables of tangent values. [16] He also made important innovations in spherical trigonometry [ 17 ] [ 18 ] [ 19 ] The Persian polymath Nasir al-Din al-Tusi has been described as the creator of trigonometry as a mathematical discipline in its own right.

  9. Trigonometric tables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric_tables

    A trigonometry table is essentially a reference chart that presents the values of sine, cosine, tangent, and other trigonometric functions for various angles. These angles are usually arranged across the top row of the table, while the different trigonometric functions are labeled in the first column on the left.