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In organic chemistry, an acetal is a functional group with the connectivity R 2 C(OR') 2. Here, the R groups can be organic fragments (a carbon atom, with arbitrary other atoms attached to that) or hydrogen, while the R' groups must be organic fragments not hydrogen. The two R' groups can be equivalent to each other (a "symmetric acetal") or ...
The exchange of a protecting group from a methyl ether to a MOM-ether inhibits here the opening of an epoxide to an aldehyde. Protecting group chemistry finds itself an important application in the automated synthesis of peptides and nucleosides. The technique was introduced in the field of peptide synthesis by Robert Bruce Merrifield in 1977 ...
In organic chemistry, an acetyl group is a functional group denoted by the chemical formula −COCH 3 and the structure −C(=O)−CH 3. It is sometimes represented by the symbol Ac [5] [6] (not to be confused with the element actinium). In IUPAC nomenclature, an acetyl group is called an ethanoyl group.
Functional group interconversion can be used in retrosynthetic analysis to plan organic synthesis. A functional group is a group of atoms in a molecule with distinctive chemical properties, regardless of the other atoms in the molecule. The atoms in a functional group are linked to each other and to the rest of the molecule by covalent bonds.
In organic chemistry, a hemiacetal is a functional group the general formula R 1 R 2 C(OH)OR, where R 1, R 2 is a hydrogen atom or an organic substituent. They generally result from the nucleophilic addition of an alcohol (a compound with at least one hydroxy group) to an aldehyde (R−CH=O) or a ketone (R 2 C=O) under acidic conditions.
In carbohydrate chemistry carbohydrate acetalisation is an organic reaction and a very effective means of providing a protecting group. The example below depicts the acetalisation reaction of D-ribose 1. With acetone or 2,2-dimethoxypropane as the acetalisation reagent the reaction is under thermodynamic reaction control and results in the ...
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Acid catalyzed acetal formation from the corresponding hemiacetal. Acetals, as already pointed out, are stable tetrahedral intermediates so they can be used as protective groups in organic synthesis. Acetals are stable under basic conditions, so they can be used to protect ketones from a base. The acetal group is hydrolyzed under acidic conditions.