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Example of a Key Derivation Function chain as used in the Signal Protocol.The output of one KDF function is the input to the next KDF function in the chain. In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) is a cryptographic algorithm that derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key, a password, or a passphrase using a pseudorandom function (which typically uses a ...
The main approach HKDF follows is the "extract-then-expand" paradigm, where the KDF logically consists of two modules: the first stage takes the input keying material and "extracts" from it a fixed-length pseudorandom key, and then the second stage "expands" this key into several additional pseudorandom keys (the output of the KDF).
Mask generation functions, as generalizations of hash functions, are useful wherever hash functions are. However, use of a MGF is desirable in cases where a fixed-size hash would be inadequate. Examples include generating padding, producing one-time pads or keystreams in symmetric-key encryption, and yielding outputs for pseudorandom number ...
In many applications, the range of hash values may be different for each run of the program or may change along the same run (for instance, when a hash table needs to be expanded). In those situations, one needs a hash function which takes two parameters—the input data z, and the number n of allowed hash values.
The sponge construction for hash functions. P i are blocks of the input string, Z i are hashed output blocks. In cryptography, a sponge function or sponge construction is any of a class of algorithms with finite internal state that take an input bit stream of any length and produce an output bit stream of any desired length. Sponge functions ...
The Toeplitz Hash Algorithm is used in many network interface controllers for receive side scaling. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] As an example, with the Toeplitz matrix T {\displaystyle T} the key k {\displaystyle k} results in a hash h {\displaystyle h} as follows:
Tiger is based on Merkle–Damgård construction.The one-way compression function operates on 64-bit words, maintaining 3 words of state and processing 8 words of data. . There are 24 rounds, using a combination of operation mixing with XOR and addition/subtraction, rotates, and S-box lookups, and a fairly intricate key scheduling algorithm for deriving 24 round keys from the 8 input w
The im and im-rc crates, which provide persistent collection types for the Rust programming language, use a HAMT for their persistent hash tables and hash sets. [ 11 ] The concurrent lock-free version [ 12 ] of the hash trie called Ctrie is a mutable thread-safe implementation which ensures progress.