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Balance wheel in a 1950s alarm clock, the Apollo, by Lux Mfg. Co. showing the balance spring (1) and regulator (2) Modern balance wheel in a watch movement A balance wheel , or balance , is the timekeeping device used in mechanical watches and small clocks , analogous to the pendulum in a pendulum clock .
Pocket watch with gears labelled. The going train is the main gear train of the timepiece. It consists of the wheels that transmit the force of the timepiece's power source, the mainspring or weight, to the escapement to drive the pendulum or balance wheel. [4]
The balance spring is a fine spiral or helical torsion spring used in mechanical watches, alarm clocks, kitchen timers, marine chronometers, and other timekeeping mechanisms to control the rate of oscillation of the balance wheel. The balance spring is an essential adjunct to the balance wheel, causing it to oscillate back and forth. The ...
Ruby jewel bearings used for a balance wheel in a mechanical watch movement Cross-section of a jewel bearing in a mechanical watch. This type of donut-shaped bearing (red) is called a hole jewel, used for most of the ordinary wheels in the gear train. It is usually made of synthetic sapphire or ruby, press-fit into a hole in the movement's ...
All the parts of the watch were mounted between the two plates except the balance wheel, which was mounted on the outside of the back plate, held by a bracket called the balance cock. Three-quarter plate movement In the 18th century, to make movements thinner, part of the back plate was cut away to make room for the balance and balance cock ...
Its advantages are (1) it is a "detached" escapement; unlike the cylinder or duplex escapements the balance wheel is only in contact with the lever during the short impulse period when it swings through its centre position and swings freely the rest of its cycle, increasing accuracy, and (2) it is a self-starting escapement, so if the watch is ...
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Each back and forth movement of the balance wheel from and back to its center position corresponds to a drop of one tooth (called a beat). A typical watch lever escapement beats at 18,000 or more beats per hour. Each beat gives the balance wheel an impulse, so there are two impulses per cycle.
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