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In animal cells, cell division with mitosis was discovered in frog, rabbit, and cat cornea cells in 1873 and described for the first time by the Polish histologist Wacław Mayzel in 1875. [18] [19] Bütschli, Schneider and Fol might have also claimed the discovery of the process presently known as "mitosis". [13]
Eduard Strasburger was born in Warsaw, Congress Poland, the son of Anna Karoline (von Schütz) and Eduard Gottlieb Strasburger (1803–1874). [2] [3] In 1870, he married Alexandra Julia ("Alexandrine") Wertheim (1847–1902), they had two children: Anna (1870–1942) and Julius (1871–1934).
The cell body varies in size from 5–20 micrometers in diameter and contain 40–60 cell processes per cell, [4] with a cell to cell distance between 20–30 micrometers. [3] A mature osteocyte contains a single nucleus that is located toward the vascular side and has one or two nucleoli and a membrane. [ 5 ]
The cell cycle in eukaryotes: I = Interphase, M = Mitosis, G 0 = Gap 0, G 1 = Gap 1, G 2 = Gap 2, S = Synthesis, G 3 = Gap 3. Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells. [1] Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle in which the cell grows and replicates its chromosome(s) before dividing.
The eukaryotic cell cycle consists of four distinct phases: G 1 phase, S phase (synthesis), G 2 phase (collectively known as interphase) and M phase (mitosis and cytokinesis). M phase is itself composed of two tightly coupled processes: mitosis, in which the cell's nucleus divides, and cytokinesis, in which the cell's cytoplasm and cell membrane divides forming two daughter cells.
In cell biology, the spindle apparatus is the cytoskeletal structure of eukaryotic cells that forms during cell division to separate sister chromatids between daughter cells. It is referred to as the mitotic spindle during mitosis , a process that produces genetically identical daughter cells, or the meiotic spindle during meiosis , a process ...
Mitosis is the division of somatic cells into two daughter cells. Durations of the cell cycle and mitosis vary in different cell types. An elevated mitotic index indicates more cells are dividing. In cancer cells, the mitotic index may be elevated compared to normal growth of tissues or cellular repair of the site of an injury. [2]
Bone marrow produces blood cells in a process called hematopoiesis. [53] Blood cells that are created in bone marrow include red blood cells, platelets and white blood cells. [54] Progenitor cells such as the hematopoietic stem cell divide in a process called mitosis to produce precursor cells.